基于气体、电解液、烟感及温感储能热失控早期报警研究

Research on early warning for thermal runaway of energy storage cabinet based on gas,electrolyte,smoke and temperature detectors

锂电池储能具有高比能、长寿命的优点,但安全性仍具争议,电池失效后代价惨重,因此良好可靠且成本低的锂电池储能热失控早期预警极为重要。根据锂离子电池失效后喷发气化电解液并产生CO、H_(2)等烟气特点,CO、H_(2)探测器分别布置于电箱内以及电柜顶部,烟感探测器、温感探测器布置于电柜顶部,电解液探测器安装于电柜中部,发现电箱内部的H_(2)探测器、CO探测器,电柜顶部的H_(2)探测器、CO探测器,以及电柜中间位置的电解液探测器、电柜顶部的烟感探测器分别于电芯防爆阀爆开后1234、1234、1407、1710、1750、2230 s报警。综合实际制造难度及成本因素,推荐在储能电柜顶部设置H_(2)或CO探测器,以低成本、高时效实现储能电柜热失控早期报警。

Lithium battery energy storage has the advantages of high specific energy and long life,but the safety is still controversial,and the cost of battery failure is heavy.Therefore,it is very important to establish a good,reliable and low-cost early warning method for thermal runaway of lithium battery energy storage.According to the characteristics of gasifying electrolyte and generating CO,H_(2)and other flue gases after lithium-ion battery fails,the CO and H_(2)detectors were arranged inside the energy storage box,the CO,H_(2),smoke and temperature detectors were at the top of the energy storage cabinet,and the electrolyte detectors were in the middle of the energy storage cabinet.It's found that the H_(2)and CO detectors inside the energy storage box,the H_(2)and CO detectors at the top of the energy storage cabinet,and the electrolyte and smoke detectors respectively realize alarm at 1234,1234,1407,1710,1750 and 2230 s after the explosion-proof valve of the battery explodes.Considering the actual manufacturing difficulty and cost factors,it's recommended to set H_(2)or CO detectors at the top of the energy storage cabinet,so as to realize the early alarm for thermal runaway of the energy storage cabinet with low cost and high timeliness.