广西馆藏古代含砷麻江型铜鼓初步科学研究

Preliminary Scientific Research on Ancient Arsenic-Containing Majiang Type Bronze Drums in Guangxi Museum

通过对比便携式荧光分析仪(pXRF)、扫描电子显微镜能谱仪(SEM-EDS)与能量色散型X射线荧光光谱仪(ED-XRF)测定铜鼓基体的成分数据,差异较小,显示pXRF在检测锈蚀程度较低的麻江型铜鼓可靠性较高。使用pXRF对广西民族博物馆馆藏221面麻江型铜鼓进行系统地检测,砷含量≥2%麻江型铜鼓共53面,占比高达24%,可确认铜锡砷铅四元合金是麻江型铜鼓(含砷麻江型)重要的合金类型。研究表明,含砷麻江型铜鼓是中国南方重要的青铜器之一,其生产专业且复杂,是研究广西乃至南方砷铜矿开发与利用的重要材料。

By comparing the data of the bronze drums matrix with the portable fluorescence analyzer(pXRF),SEM-EDS and the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer(ED-XRF),it is shown that pXRF is reliable in detecting the Majiang type bronze drum with a lower degree of corrosion.pXRF was used to systematically detect 221 Majiang-type bronze drums in Anthropology Museum of Guangxi,the results show that the arsenic content of≥2%is 53,accounting for 24%.Arsenic-containing Majiang type is an important alloy type of Majiang type bronze drum.The arsenic-containing Majiang-type bronze drum is one of the most important bronzes in southern China.Its production is professional and complex,and provides important research materials for studying the development and utilization of arsenic-copper deposits in Guangxi and even southern China.