三氟氯氰菊酯对鸡胚的发育毒性及雏鸡生长发育的评价

Developmental toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin on chicken embryos and the evaluation of chick growth and development

目的:探讨三氟氯氰菊酯(Lambda-cyhalothrin,LCT)对鸡胚的发育毒性及其出壳后21 d内生长发育的影响。方法:选择已孵化7胚龄的草鸡胚蛋160枚,随机分为5组,每组32枚。Ⅰ组(对照组)向每枚鸡胚的卵黄囊注射0.1 mL生理盐水,Ⅱ~Ⅴ组(处理组)分别向每枚鸡胚的卵黄囊注射0.1 mL 2.5、25、250、2500μg/mL LCT,灭菌石蜡封口,继续孵化至雏鸡出壳,期间分别测定孵化第10、18天的死胎数、生存率以及孵化率、弱雏率、出壳重与第18天胚蛋重的比值等指标;雏鸡出壳后饲喂21 d分别测定体质量、胸肌质量、腿肌质量、部分内脏器官指数、血清生化指标及肝肾氧化应激指标。结果:Ⅴ组的死胚数、死胚率、弱雏率明显高于对照组和Ⅱ~Ⅳ组;Ⅱ~Ⅳ组雏鸡21日龄的体质量、胸肌和腿肌质量低于对照组,血清CREA与UREA-N含量、AST和ALT活性,与对照组相比无显著变化;21日龄时,Ⅲ组肝组织和Ⅱ组肾组织的GSH含量明显升高(P<0.01或P<0.05),Ⅲ组肝组织MDA含量显著增加(P<0.05),各试验组肝、肾组织的SOD活性有增加趋势,但与对照组相比无显著变化(P>0.05)。结论:高剂量LCT暴露对鸡胚具有明显的发育毒性,胚胎期中低剂量LCT暴露抑制出壳后雏鸡的早期生长发育,氧化应激损伤是其毒性机制之一。

Objective:To explore the toxicity of embryo egg injection of lambda-cyhalothrin(LCT)on chicken embryo development and its effect on the growth and development within 21 days after hatching.Methods:160 embryo eggs of native chicken with 7 embryo ages were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 32 eggs in each group.0.1 mL saline was injected into the yolk sac of each chick embryo of GroupⅠ(control group),0.1 mL of 2.5,25,250,2500μg/mL LCT were injected respectively into the yolk sac of each chick embryo of GroupⅡ—Ⅴ(treatment groups),sealed by sterilized paraffin,and incubation was continued until the chicks hatched.During the incubation period,the number of dead embryos,survival rate,hatching rate,weak chick rate on the 10th and 18th day,and the ratio of birth weight to embryo egg weight on the 18th day were determined.The body mass,pectoral muscle mass,leg muscle mass,some visceral organ indices,serum biochemical indices,hepatic and renal oxidative stress indices were measured after the chicks were fed for 21 d after hatching.Results:The number of dead embryos,the rate of dead embryos and the rate of weak chicks in Group V were significantly higher than those in the control group and Group II—IV.The body mass,pectoral muscle and leg muscle mass of chickens in Group II—IV at the age of 21 days were lower than those in the control group,and the serum CREA and UREA-N content,AST and ALT activity had no significant changes compared with the control group.At the age of 21 days,the content of GSH in liver tissue(Group III)and kidney tissue(Group II)increased significantly(P<0.01 or P<0.05),and the content of MDA in liver tissue of Group III increased significantly(P<0.05).The SOD activity in liver and kidney of each test group increased,but there was no significant changes compared with the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion:High-dose LCT exposure has obvious developmental toxicity on chicken embryos.Low and medium doses of LCT exposure in embryonic stage inhibits the early growth and development of chicks after hatching,and oxidative stress damage is one of its toxic mechanisms.