基于非靶向代谢组学的烟草镰刀菌根腐病和黑胫病拮抗链霉菌及其代谢产物的鉴定

Identification of Streptomyces and Its Metabolites Antagonizing Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora parasitica in Tobacco Based on Non-Target Metabolomics

针对烟草两种土传病害病原菌—镰刀根腐病菌Fusarium oxysporum和黑胫病菌Phytophthora parasitica,本实验室前期从烟草根际土壤中筛选得到1株具有良好生防作用的链霉菌,结合形态学、生理生化特性及分子生物学分析,将其鉴定为淀粉酶产色链霉菌Streptomyces diastatochromogenes。通过对该生防菌发酵液进行色谱-质谱联用(LC/MS)非靶向代谢组学分析,确定其重要代谢产物为茴香霉素。利用高效液相色谱对产物进行验证及含量测定,表明每克粗提物中含有茴香霉素423.98μg。菌丝生长抑制试验结果表明,茴香霉素对镰刀根腐病菌和黑胫病菌的EC_(50)值分别为1556.36和40.74μg/m L。本研究为烟草镰刀菌根腐病和黑胫病的生物防治提供了新的方法,并为其代谢产物—茴香霉素的进一步利用提供了有价值的理论基础。

To develop effective biocontrol products against two soil-borne diseases,root rot(Fusarium oxysporum)and black shank(Phytophthora parasitica),a Streptomyces strain with good control effect was screened by our laboratory from tobacco rhizosphere soil.It was identified as Streptomyces diastatochromogenes by morphological,physiological,biochemical characteristics and molecular biological analysis.The main active metabolite of the biocontrol Streptomyces was identified as anisomycin by LC/MS non-target metabolomics analysis.The product was verified and content determined by high performance liquid chromatography,and it was found that anisamycin contained 423.98μg per gram of crude extract.The inhibition results on mycelial morphology and mycelial growth showed that anisomycin could cause the mycelia of F.oxysporum and P.parasitica to expand and distort.The EC_(50) values for F.oxysporum and P.parasitica were 1556.36μg/mL and 40.74μg/mL,respectively.This study provides a new source of biocontrol agents for tobacco root rot and black shank diseases,and provided valuable insights into the further use of anisomycin.