范畴或倾向?——自然规律与性质分析

Categorical Properties or Dispositional Properties-Analysis of Laws of Nature and Properties

基于范畴性质还是倾向性质刻画自然规律是分析自然规律的难点,这不仅是范畴性质与倾向性质之间的二分,还意味着我们对自然的两种截然不同的认识。在现有的自然规律诸进路中,系统性进路与必然性进路均持范畴主义观点,而倾向性进路认为自然规律是对性质的倾向实质的刻画。该文认为对自然规律的理解需基于倾向性进路,自然规律的必然性在于倾向性质。但不同于倾向一元论,该文认为无论是作为倾向性质中的显现还是二阶倾向性质的关系承载者,都能接受在倾向性质之外存在范畴性质,只是范畴性质不参与到自然规律的必然性中。

It is difficult for us to describe the laws of nature based on categorical properties or dispositional properties,which is not only the difference between categorical properties and dispositional properties,but also means our two distinct ways of understanding nature.In the existing studies of the laws of nature,both the systems approach and the necessitarian approach hold the view of categorism,but the disposition approach holds that it is unreasonable to know the laws of nature based on the categorical properties,and the laws of nature are the description of dispositional properties.But different from dispositional monism,this paper holds that no matter the manifestation of the dispositional properties or the carrier of the second-order dispositional properties relations,they can accept the categorical properties existing outside the dispositional properties,but the categorical properties do not participate in the necessitarian of the laws of nature.