精神分裂症患者照护者总体幸福感影响因素

Influencing factors of general well-being among caregivers of schizophrenic patients

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者照护者总体幸福感特点及影响因素。方法:2019年1至12月选取149名在某院就诊的精神分裂症患者的照护者为研究组,同时招募100名健康对照,收集入组者一般资料,同时进行总体幸福感量表、抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表评定,比较两组各项指标的差异,并通过单因素线性回归分析和多因素线性回归分析,探索照护者总体幸福感的影响因素。结果:与对照组[87(75,95)]相比,研究组[76(66,86)]的总体幸福感评分相对更低(t=-4.775,P<0.001),尤其是在31~40岁[93(79,103.5),78(70,85),t=3.051,P<0.01]和60岁以上[91.00±10.03,70.11±12.91,t=4.985,P<0.001]的人群中更为明显;单因素线性回归分析显示年龄(t=-2.553,P<0.05)、受教育程度(t=2.471,P<0.05)、月收入(t=3.468,P<0.001)、焦虑自评分(t=-4.705,P<0.001)、抑郁自评分(t=-4.127,P<0.001)和是否为照护者(t=-5.090,P<0.001)是总体幸福感的影响因子;在照护者人群中,多因素线性回归分析显示,焦虑自评分(t=-4.291,P<0.001)和抑郁自评分(t=-3.936,P<0.001)是总体幸福感的独立影响因子。结论:精神分裂症患者照护者总体幸福感水平低于普通健康人群,应加强对其心理健康状况的关注。焦虑与抑郁症状对幸福感的影响最为突出。

Objective:To investigate the general well-being characteristics and influencing factors of caregivers of schizophrenic patients.Methods:From January 2019 to December 2019,a total of 149 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia were selected for the study group,while 100 healthy controls were recruited.The general data of the participants were collected,and the general well-being scale,self-rating depression scale,and self-rating anxiety scale were evaluated.The differences of each factor between the two groups were compared,and the influencing factors of caregivers'general well-being were explored by single factor linear regression analysis and multiple factor linear regression analysis.Results:General well-being was lower in the study group[76(66,86)]than that in the control group[87(75,95)](t=-4.775,P<0.001),especially among people aged 31~40[93(79,103.5),78(70,85),t=3.051,P<0.01]and over 60[91.00±10.03,70.11±12.91,t=4.985,P<0.001].Single factor linear regression analysis showed that age(t=-2.553,P<0.05),education(t=2.471,P<0.05),monthly income(t=3.468,P<0.001),self-rating anxiety scale(t=-4.705,P<0.001),self-rating depression scale(t=-4.127,P<0.001),and caregiver status(t=-5.090,P<0.001)were independent factors influencing general well-being.In the caregiver population,multi-factor linear regression analysis showed that the self-rating anxiety scale(t=-4.291,P<0.001)and the self-rating depression scale(t=-3.936,P<0.001)were independent influencing factors of general well-being(P<0.001).Conclusion:The overall happiness level of caregivers of schizophrenic patients is lower than that of the general healthy population,and more attention should be paid to their mental health status.Anxiety and depression symptoms have the most prominent impact on the well-being.