基于试验现象的砖砌体墙体损伤状态划分及易损性研究

Damage state definition based on experimental phenomena and fragility analysis of brick masonry walls

构件的易损性数据是建筑抗震韧性评价和地震损失评估的基础。然而,现阶段关于砖砌体结构地震易损性的研究大多聚焦在整体结构的维度上,相关评估标准中缺乏可用的砖砌体构件易损性数据。针对这一问题,本文首先搜集并整理了我国砖砌体墙体拟静力试验数据,以其中22个最具代表性的试件为样本,建立了砖砌体墙体拟静力试验数据库;其次,在众多常用的损伤状态划分方法中,选择最能反映真实损伤情况的宏观现象作为依据,基于试验现象分别定义了有/无构造柱砖砌体墙体的五种典型损伤状态,并给出了我国砖砌体墙体易性分析结果;最后,对比并分析了中美两国典型砖砌体墙体易损性的差异。研究结果表明:有构造柱的砖砌体墙体易损性低于无构造柱砖砌体墙体的易损性,特别是构造柱的设置显著降低了砖砌体墙体在地震中发生重度损伤的风险;中美两国典型砖砌体墙体易损性差异较大。

Fragility data for component are the basis for the seismic resilience assessment and seismic loss assessment of buildings.However,most of the research on the fragility of brick masonry focused on the dimension of the overall structure at this stage,and there is a lack of available data on the fragility of brick masonry component in the relevant assessment standards.To solve the problem,in this paper,the proposed pseudo-static test data of brick masonry walls in China were collected for the first time,and a database of proposed pseudo-static tests of brick masonry walls was established by using 22 of the most representative specimens as samples.Secondly,among many commonly used methods of damage state definition,the macroscopic phenomena that best reflects the real damage situation were selected as the basis,and five typical damage states were defined for brick masonry walls with/without constructional columns based on the experimental phenomenon respectively,and the results of the fragility analysis of brick masonry walls in China were presented.Finally,the differences in seismic fragility of typical brick masonry walls between China and the US were compared and analyzed.The results of the study show that the fragility of brick masonry walls with constructional columns is lower than that of brick masonry walls without constructional columns,especially the setting of constructional columns significantly reduces the risk of severe damage of brick masonry walls in earthquakes.The fragility of typical brick masonry walls in China and the United States are quite different.