MRI、CT及X射线在多发性骨髓瘤中的影像学表现及诊断效果观察

Observation of Imaging Manifestations and Diagnostic Efficacy of MRI,CT,and X-Ray in Multiple Myeloma

目的:研究MRI、CT、X射线三种影像学方法在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)诊断中的应用价值以及影像学表现。方法:选取本院2020年5月~2023年3月收诊的多发性骨髓瘤患者98例为对象,均进行MRI、CT和X射线检查,收集整理三种影像学方法单一应用、联合应用对多发性骨髓瘤的诊断准确率以及三种影像学方法的征象检出率。结果:三种影像学方法对MM的诊断准确率中,X射线最低,显著低于MRI和CT的诊断准确率(P<0.05);而MRI与CT的诊断准确率差异不显著(P>0.05);MRI+CT+X射线的诊断准确率显著高于三种影像学方法单用的诊断准确率(P<0.05);在多发性骨髓瘤的影像学表现中,MRI以椎体部位的骨质破坏检出率最高,多为局灶性或弥漫性的破坏;CT多为溶骨性的骨质破坏,以脊柱和骨盆的骨质破坏检出率较高;X射线多为骨质疏松和穿凿样改变,以头颅的骨质破坏检出率较高。结论:影像学方法在多发性骨髓瘤诊断中应用价值高,适当联合MRI、CT、X射线检查能提高诊断准确率,指导临床治疗。

Objective:To study the application value and imaging manifestations of MRI,CT,and X-ray imaging methods in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma(MM).Methods:98 patients with multiple myeloma admitted to our hospital from May 2020 to March 2023 were selected as the subjects,all of whom underwent MRI,CT,and X-ray examinations.The diagnostic accuracy of the three imaging methods for multiple myeloma,whether single or combined,and the sign detection rate of the three imaging methods,were collected and organized.Results:Among the three imaging methods,X-ray had the lowest diagnostic accuracy for MM,significantly lower than MRI and CT(P<0.05);The difference in diagnostic accuracy between MRI and CT was not significant(P>0.05);The diagnostic accuracy of MRI+CT+X-ray was significantly higher than that of the three imaging methods used alone(P<0.05);In the imaging manifestations of multiple myeloma,MRI has the highest detection rate of bone destruction in the vertebral body,mostly localized or diffuse destruction;CT often shows osteolytic bone destruction,with a higher detection rate of bone destruction in the spine and pelvis;X-rays often show osteoporosis and chisel like changes,with a higher detection rate of bone destruction in the skull.Conclusion:Imaging methods have high value in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma,and appropriate combination of MRI,CT,and X-ray examinations can improve diagnostic accuracy and guide clinical treatment.