契合产业转型升级的高职教育专科专业设置的现实困境及优化路径——以湖南省为例

On the Realistic Dilemma and Optimization Path of Specialty Setting in Higher Vocational Education in Line with Industrial Transformation and Upgrading——Taking Hunan Province as an Example

专业是高等职业院校的办学基础,是提升学校内涵建设的重要抓手,专业设置作为社会需求与高职院校办学的重要结合点,是实现人才培养的关键环节。从契合湖南区域产业转型升级的视角,对湖南省2021年专业点的设置现状进行了数据的统计与分析发现,目前湖南省高等职业教育专科专业设置中存在专业结构和产业结构耦合度低、专业设置对接战略性新兴产业发展滞后与服务湖南“三高四新”战略能力有待加强等问题,提出了发挥政府的宏观指导作用,做好专业设置的顶层设计;各高职院校要找准自身定位,提高专业设置的针对性;多措并举推进专业建设的内涵发展等高等职业教育专科专业设置优化路径。

Specialty is the foundation of running higher vocational colleges and an important grasp for improving the connotation construction of colleges.As an important combination of social needs and running higher vocational colleges,specialty setting is the key link for higher vocational colleges to realize talents training.From the perspective of conforming to Hunan regional industrial transformation and upgrading,this paper makes data statistics and analysis on the setting status quo of the specialty points in Hunan Province in 2021.The results show that there are such problems in the specialty setting in Hunan higher vocational education as the low coupling degree between professional structure and industrial structure,the specialty setting lagging behind the development of strategic emerging industries and the ability to serve strategy on"Three High and Four New"of Hunan needs to be strengthened.Fi⁃nally,the optimization paths of specialty setting in higher vocational education are proposed:giving full play to the macro guiding role of the government and making the overall top-level design of specialty setting;the colleges must find their own positioning and improve the pertinence of specialty setting;taking multiple measures to promote the connotation development of specialty construc⁃tion,etc.