不同谷壳源黑炭施用量对红壤性稻田肥力及水稻产量的影响

Effects of Different Application Rates of Black Carbon from Rice Husk on Fertility and Rice Yield in Red Paddy Soil

为了探究谷壳源黑炭不同用量对红壤性稻田肥力及水稻产量的影响,设置了6个不同谷壳源黑炭用量处理,开展了连续2 a的田间试验,分析测定了水稻产量、叶绿素含量、根茎重比和土壤肥力变化。结果表明:(1)与CK相比,水稻产量增加了18.05%~26.71%,当谷壳源黑炭施用量为20 t/hm^(2)时,水稻产量达到最佳。(2)与CK相比,分蘖期水稻根系重量增加了9.90%~48.08%,长穗期根系重量增加了21.42%~122.12%,施用量在5、15 t/hm^(2)时,水稻的根系重量达到最佳。(3)与CK相比,土壤pH值增加了0.02~0.18,有机质含量增加了1.65%~63.27%,土壤全氮含量增加了5.19%~12.98%,全磷含量增加了14.71%~35.29%,水解性氮含量增加了7.27%~26.06%,有效磷含量增加了20.46%~58.94%,土壤速效钾含量降低了14.25%~34.84%,且施用量在15和20 t/hm^(2)时,土壤的pH值及肥力最佳。综上所述,谷壳源黑炭可以显著提高水稻产量及提升土壤肥力,当施用量在15、20 t/hm^(2)时,水稻产量及土壤肥力达到最佳。

In order to explore the effects of different dosages of black carbon from rice husk on fertility and rice yield in red soil paddy field,the field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years to analyze and determine the changes of rice yield,chlorophyll content,root-stem weight ratio and soil fertility by setting six treatments with different amounts of black carbon from rice husk sources.The results showed that:(1)Compared with CK,the rice yield increased by 18.05%~26.71%.When the application amount of husk-derived black carbon was 20 t/hm^(2),the rice yield reached the best.(2)Compared with CK,the root weight of rice at tillering stage increased by 9.90%~48.08%,and the root weight at long panicle stage increased by 21.42%~122.12%.When the application rate was 5 and 15 t/hm^(2),the root weight of rice reached the best.(3)Compared with CK,soil pH increased by 0.02~0.18 units,organic matter content increased by 1.65%~63.27%,soil total nitrogen content increased by 5.19%~12.98%,total phosphorus content increased by 14.71%~35.29%,hydrolysable nitrogen content increased by 7.27%~26.06%,available phosphorus content increased by 20.46%~58.94%,and soil available potassium content decreased by 14.25%~34.84%.When the application amount was 15 and 20 t/hm^(2),the soil pH value and fertility were the best.In summary,husk-derived black carbon can significantly increase rice yield and improve soil fertility.When the application amount is 15 and 20 t/hm^(2),rice yield and soil fertility are optimal.