全血微量元素和血清维生素检测在6种儿童常见皮肤病中的临床意义

Clinical significance of whole blood trace elements and serum vitamin levels in 6 common skin diseasesin children

目的探讨全血微量元素和血清维生素水平在6种儿童常见皮肤病中的临床意义。方法选取2018年1月—2021年12月复旦大学附属儿科医院皮肤病患儿301例(皮肤病组),根据皮肤病种类细分为斑秃组(50例)、特应性皮炎组(51例)、甲疾患组(50例)、剥脱性角质松懈症组(50例)、白色糠疹组(50例)和白斑病组(50例),以健康儿童52名作为正常对照组。检测所有研究对象全血铜、锌、铁水平和血清维生素A(Vit A)、维生素B1(Vit B1)、维生素B2(Vit B2)、维生素B6(Vit B6)、维生素C(Vit C)、25羟基维生素D3[25(OH)D3]水平。结果与正常对照组比较,皮肤病组全血锌、铁水平和血清Vit A、Vit B1、Vit B2、Vit B6、Vit C、25(OH)D3水平均降低(P<0.05),全血铜水平2个组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);斑秃组全血锌、铁水平和血清Vit A、Vit B2、Vit B6、25(OH)D3水平均降低(P<0.05),特应性皮炎组全血锌水平和血清Vit B2、Vit B6、Vit C和25(OH)D3水平均降低(P<0.05),甲疾患组全血锌水平和血清Vit A、Vit B1、Vit B2、Vit B6、25(OH)D3水平均降低(P<0.05),剥落性角质松懈症组全血锌水平和血清Vit B2、Vit B6、25(OH)D3水平均降低(P<0.05),白色糠疹组全血锌、铁水平和血清Vit B1、Vit B2、Vit B6、Vit C、25(OH)D3水平均降低(P<0.05),白斑病组全血锌、铁水平和血清Vit B1、Vit B2、25(OH)D3水平均降低(P<0.05)。结论儿童斑秃、特应性皮炎、甲疾患、剥脱性角质松懈症、白色糠疹和白斑病可能与微量元素锌、铁和VitA、Vit B1、Vit B2、Vit B6、Vit C、25(OH)D3缺乏有关。

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of whole blood trace elements and serum vitamin levels in 6 common skin diseases in children.Methods Totally,301 children with skin diseases in the Children's Hospital of Fudan University from January 2018 to December 2021 were enrolled and classified into alopecia areata(50 cases),atopic dermatitis(51 cases),nail disorder(50 cases),exfoliative keratosis(50 cases),pityriasis alba(50 cases)and leukoplakia(50 cases)groups.A total of 52 healthy children were enrolled as control group.The levels of trace elements,copper,zinc,iron,vitamin A(Vit A),vitamin B1(Vit B1),vitamin B2(Vit B2),vitamin B6(Vit B6),vitamin C(Vit C)and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25(OH)D3],were determined.Results Compared with control group,zinc,iron,Vit A,Vit B1,Vit B2,Vit B6,Vit C and 25(OH)D3 levels were decreased in skin disease group(P<0.05),and copper levels had no statistical significance between skin disease and control groups(P>0.05).Zinc,iron,Vit A,Vit B2,Vit B6 and 25(OH)D3 levels were decreased in pityriasis alba group(P<0.05).The levels of zinc,Vit B2,Vit B6,Vit C and 25(OH)D3 were lower in atopic dermatitis group(P<0.05).Zinc,Vit A,Vit B1,Vit B2,Vit B6 and 25(OH)D3 levels were lower in nail disorder group(P<0.05).The exfoliative keratosis group had decreased levels of zinc,Vit B2,Vit B6 and 25(OH)D3(P<0.05).Zinc,iron,Vit B1,Vit B2,Vit B6,Vit C and 25(OH)D3 levels were decreased in pityriasis alba group(P<0.05).In leukoplakia group,the levels of zinc,iron,Vit B1,Vit B2 and 25(OH)D3 were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Zinc,iron,Vit A,Vit B1,Vit B2,Vit B6,Vit C and 25(OH)D3 deficiency are known to contribute to the 6 common skin diseases in children.