城市道路交通噪声的频谱特性分析

Spectral Characterisation of Urban Road Traffic Noise

为探究城市道路交通噪声的频谱特性,选取西安市9条道路进行实地监测,总结频谱特性,分析影响频段。结果表明,2/3的测点噪声强度等级均大于三级。道路的等效声级与其等效车流量相关;噪声频谱呈中低频特性,声压级随频率增加而降低。声能量分别集中于50,250和1 000 Hz周围,以50 Hz占比最高;噪声频谱的频率重心集中于100~400 Hz,为主要影响频段;因车流量差异,早、晚高峰等效声级均大于非高峰时段,而噪声频谱在时段上没有明显差异。上述结论对城市道路交通噪声的治理和临街建筑的降噪研究具有参考价值。

In order to investigate the spectral characteristics of urban road traffic noise,nine roads in Xi'an were selected for field monitoring,to summarise the spectral characteristics and to analyse the influence frequency bands.The results show that 2/3 of the measurement points have noise intensity levels greater than three.The equivalent sound level of the road is related to its equivalent traffic flow;the noise spectrum shows low and medium frequency characteristics,and the sound pressure level decreases with the increase of frequency.The sound energy is concentrated around 50,250 and 1,000 Hz,with 50 Hz accounting for the highest proportion;the spectrum gravity center of the noise is concentrated in the range of 100 to 400 Hz,which is the main frequency band of influence;due to the difference in traffic flow,the equivalent sound level of the morning and evening peaks is greater than that of the off-peak hours,while there is no obvious difference between the noise spectra at the time of the day.The above conclusions have reference value for the management of urban road traffic noise and noise reduction of street buildings.