锂离子电池硅碳负极材料的制备及其研究进展

Preparation and Research Progress of Silicon-Carbon Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

随着能源问题与环境问题的日益严峻,传统燃油汽车逐渐走向新能源化。锂离子电池作为一种新能源汽车动力的重要技术与能源储存设备,具有放电电压平台高、自放电小、环境友好、高能量密度、长循环寿命、无记忆效应等诸多优点,已经在新能源电动车、移动设备和可再生能源等领域得到广泛应用,被广泛认为是未来动力电池的主流技术之一,具有极其广阔的研究与应用前景。本文首先阐述锂硅合金的电化学反应机理与容量衰减的原因,并就锂离子电池硅碳负极材料的多种制备方法进行分析,最后综述当前硅碳复合材料的主要结构设计。

With the increasingly severe energy and environmental issues,traditional fuel-powered vehicles are gradually transitioning to new energy sources.Lithium-ion batteries,as an important technology and energy storage device for new energy vehicles,have many advantages such as high discharge voltage platform,low self-discharge,environmental friendliness,high energy density,long cycle life,and no memory effect.They have been widely used in the fields of new energy electric vehicles,mobile devices,and renewable energy,and are widely regarded as one of the mainstream technologies for future power batteries,with extremely broad research and application prospects.This article first explains the electrochemical reaction mechanism of lithium-silicon alloy and the causes of capacity decay,and then analyzes various preparation methods for silicon-carbon anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.Finally,it summarizes the main structural designs of silicon-carbon composite materials currently.