油雾健康危害的研究进展

Research progress on health hazards of oil mist

金属加工液广泛用作机械加工的冷却液、润滑剂和除锈剂等,在加工过程中会形成油雾。油雾成分复杂,对环境和作业人员可产生诸多不良影响。本文综述了金属加工液油雾对人体皮肤、呼吸系统和致畸致癌等方面的健康危害,讨论了国外油雾工作场所职业接触限值的制定情况,以期为我国金属加工液油雾职业健康风险防控和制定工作场所油雾职业接触限值提供参考依据。

Metal working fluidis widely used as coolant,lubricant and rust remover in mechanical processing.Oil mist will be formed in the process of metal working fluid.The composition of oil mist is complex,which can produce many adverse effects on the environment and operators.This paper reviews the health hazards of metal working fluid oil mist on human skin,respiratory system,teratogenic and carcinogenic aspects,and discusses the establishment of occupational exposure limits in workplaces of oil mist in foreign countries,in order to provide reference for the prevention and control of occupational health risks of metal working fluid oil mist and the establishment of occupational exposure limits of oil mist in workplaces in China.