内蒙古锡林郭勒盟6~18岁儿童青少年身体活动水平及影响因素

Level and influencing factors of physical activity among 6-18 years children and adolescents in Xilingol League,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

目的了解内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟6~18岁儿童青少年身体活动水平现状及其影响因素。方法于2020年10—11月和2021年4月采用整群抽样方法对内蒙古锡林郭勒盟阿巴嘎旗和正镶白旗所有6~18岁4684名在校中小学生进行问卷调查,比较其身体活动水平差异,应用二元logistic回归模型对身体活动的影响因素进行分析。结果有效调查4600名儿童青少年,1097名(23.8%)学生满足中高强度身体活动(MVPA)推荐量,2987名(64.9%)学生达到了久坐行为(SB)推荐量的要求。MVPA的平均水平为28.57 min/d,不同性别和学段差异有统计学意义(Z=–6.523,H=42.009,P<0.001),SB的平均水平为64.28 min/d,不同性别、学段和民族差异有统计学意义(Z=–2.055,H=18.151,Z=–4.298,P<0.05)。logistic回归结果显示,父亲文化程度为初中、高中,母亲职业为国家政府机关单位工作人员、农牧林渔工作人员,母亲文化程度高中,父母离异,家庭月收入≥0.5万元,患慢性病,做过手术为MVPA达标的保护因素(均P<0.05);父亲职业为国家政府机关单位工作人员、农牧林渔工作人员、个体私企工作人员,父亲学历为大学及以上,母亲职业为国家单位政府机关工作人员为SB达标的保护因素(均P<0.05)。结论内蒙古锡林郭勒盟6~18岁儿童青少年MVPA平均水平较低,达标率较低,SB平均水平合格并且达标率较高,存在性别、学段、民族差异。父母文化程度、父母职业、父母是否离异、家庭月收入、是否患慢性病、是否做过手术为MVPA能否达标的影响因素;父亲职业、母亲文化程度、家庭月收入、是否做过手术为SB能否达标的影响因素。

Objective To examine the status and influencing factors of physical activity among children and adolescents aged 6-18 years in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Inner Mongolia).Methods With cluster sampling,a questionnaire survey on physical activity and its associates was conducted among 4648 students aged 6-18 years in 5 primary and 5 secondary schools in two banner regions of Inner Mongolia during October-November 2020 and April 2021.For the primary school students,the questionnaires were completed by the students′guardians and for secondary school students,the questionnaires were self-administered onsite under the guidance of interviewers.The intensity of physical activity was evaluated by metabolic equivalent(MET).Factors correlated with physical activity were analyzed using binary logistic regression model.Results Of the 4600 students with eligible responses,1097(23.8%)reported having more than 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)per day recommended in the Guidelines on Physical Activity Guide for Chinese Children and Adolescents and 2987(64.9%)reported having less than 2 hours of sedentary behavior(SB)per day recommended in the guidelines.Reported by all the eligible students,the average daily time of MVPA was 28.57 minutes and there were significant differences in the average daily MVPA time between the students of different gender(Z=-6.523,P<0.001)and among the students with various schooling periods(H=42.009,P<0.001);the average daily SB time was 64.28 minutes and there were significant differences in the average daily SB time between the students of different gender(Z=-2.055,P=0.040),among the students with various schooling periods(H=18.151,P<0.001)and being various ethnic groups(Z=-4.298,P<0.001).The results of logistic regression analysis revealed following significant promoting factors for having standard daily MVPA time:paternal education of junior or senior high school,maternal occupation being staff of public institutions and government agencies or employees of agriculture,animal husbandry,forestry and fishery industry,maternal education of senior high school,with divorced parents,with a household monthly income of 5000 Chinese Yuan and above,suffering from chronic disease,and ever having surgery(P<0.05 for all);the results also demonstrated multiple promoting factors for having appropriate daily SB time including paternal occupation being staff of public institutions and government agencies or employees of agriculture,animal husbandry,forestry and fishery industry,standard daily/employees of private enterprises,paternal education of college and higher,and maternal occupation being staff of public institutions and government agencies(all P<0.05).Conclusion During 2020-2021 among 6-18 years old children and adolescents in Xilingol League of Inner Mongolia,the average daily time of MVPA was relatively low according to China′s national guidelines and mainly influenced by gender,schooling period,parents′education,occupation and marital status,household monthly income,whether suffering from chronic disease,and the history of surgery;but the average daily SB time was at an appropriate level and impacted mainly by paternal occupation,maternal education,household monthly income,and the history of surgery.