不同免疫剂次、不同免疫间隔流行性腮腺炎成分疫苗突破病例发病年龄特征

Onset age of mumps containing vaccine breakthrough cases with different vaccination doses and intervals

目的评价不同免疫剂次、不同免疫间隔含流行性腮腺炎成分疫苗(mumps containing vaccine,MuCV)突破病例发病年龄特征,为免疫策略的制定提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统收集2019—2021年柳州市所有流行性腮腺炎(流腮)临床诊断病例,在广西免疫规划信息管理系统中检索流腮病例MuCV免疫接种信息,筛选出流腮突破病例,比较MuCV不同免疫剂次、不同免疫间隔突破病例发病年龄特征。结果2019—2021年柳州市流腮突破病例总计为3457例,2剂次MuCV突破病例数明显低于1剂次(χ^(2)=19.45,P<0.05);2剂次MuCV突破病例的发病年龄明显大于1剂次(t=–5.35,P<0.05);2剂次MuCV免疫间隔≥4年的突破病例发病年龄明显大于免疫间隔<4年的突破病例(F=12.98,P<0.05)。结论2剂次MuCV及免疫间隔≥4年的免疫程序可明显推迟流腮突破病例的发病年龄,可更有效地控制流腮的发病。

Objective To examine the onset age of mumps containing vaccine(MuCV)breakthrough cases with different vaccination doses and intervals for providing evidence to the formulation of immunization strategies.Methods The records of all mumps cases clinically diagnosed during 2019-2021 in Liuzhou city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Guangxi)were collected from China′s Infectious Disease Information System and the cases′information on MuCV vaccination were retrieved from the Guangxi Immunization Planning Information Management System to screen out MuCV breakthrough cases.Age and MuCV vaccination characteristics of the breakthrough cases were analyzed.Results For a total of 3457 MuCV breakthrough cases occurred during the 3-year period in the city,the number of the cases with two MuCV doses was significantly lower than that of the cases with one dose(χ^(2)=19.45,P<0.05);the onset age of the breakthrough cases with two doses of MuCV were significantly higher than that of the cases with one dose(t=-5.35,P<0.05).For the breakthrough cases with two doses of MuCV,the onset age of the cases with a longer interval(≥4 years)between the two vaccinations was significantly higher than that of the cases with the interval less than 4 years(F=12.98,P<0.05).Conclusion The two-dose MuCV vaccination with an interval of 4 years and longer could postpone the onset age of MuCV breakthrough incident and be more effective in controlling mumps incidence.