红花酢浆草与三叶鬼针草的种内及种间密度制约机制研究

Intraspecific and Interspecific Density-Dependent Mechanisms between Oxalis corymbosa and Bidens pilosa

为探索这2种入侵种的同种间的密度制约作用以及2种间的相互作用机制,设置了3个播种密度300粒/m2(低密度)、900粒/m2(中密度)和1800粒/m2(高密度),实施了2种种植方式(单一种植和1∶1混合种植),完全随机区组设计。通过测量植株的生长和功能性状指标来指示植物的生长状况和生存策略。结果表明,红花酢浆草和三叶鬼针草同种间的生长和功能性状指标在不同密度间存在显著差异(P<0.05),随密度升高红花酢浆草和三叶鬼针草均呈现出负密度制约效应。同一密度下,红花酢浆草的生长和功能性状指标在单种和混种之间都存在显著差异(P<0.05),表现为混种更不利于红花酢浆草的生长。三叶鬼针草也表现出相似的结果。这表明红花酢浆草和三叶鬼针草之间存在相互制约现象,且制约强度高于同种负密度制约强度。入侵植物之间的相互抑制作用有利于防治入侵植物的繁殖和扩散,该研究结果对入侵植物的防治具有一定的指导意义。

Oxalis corymbosa and Bidens pilosa were planted under three densities(300 seeds/m 2(low-density),900 seeds/m 2(medium-density)and 1800 seeds/m 2(high-density)),with monoculture planting pattern and mixture planting pattern,to explore the conspecific density dependence and interaction mechanism between the two species.The experiment was conducted as completely randomized block design.The growth status and survival strategy of plants were indicated by measuring the growth indices and functional traits of plants.The results were as follows:there were significant differences in the growth indices and functional traits between Oxalis corymbosa and Bidens pilosa under the three densities(P<0.05),and the negative density dependence found.Under the same density,the growth indices and functional traits of Oxalis corymbosa also had significant differences in monoculture planting pattern and in mixture planting pattern(P<0.05),and it was more unfavorable to the growth of Oxalis corymbose in mixture planting pattern.Bidens pilosa also showed similar results.This result showed that there was mutual restriction between Oxalis corymbosa and Bidens pilosa,and the restriction intensity was higher than that of the conspecific negative density dependence.The mutual restriction between invasive plants was conducive to the prevention and control of the reproduction and proliferation of invasive plants.The results of this experiment had a certain guiding significance for the prevention and control of invasive plants.