乡村数字治理:社会基础、现实挑战与政策因应

Rural Digital Governance:Social basis,Practical Challenges and Policy Responses

乡村数字治理作为数字中国战略的重要支撑,是推动乡村振兴、实现基层治理体系与治理能力现代化的重要内容与有力抓手。可以从乡村公共管理数字化、公共安全治理数字化、公共服务治理数字化三个层面,对乡村数字治理运行的社会基础加以考察。整体而言,乡村数字治理“三化”取得较大进展,但东中西部乡村地区发展不平衡现象突出,各类数字治理技术优化空间较大。在乡村推进数字治理,会面临数字鸿沟,制约数字治理可及性;治理主体数字素养不足,制约数字治理有效性;数字技术场景适配度低,制约数字治理适应性;治理过程“孤岛”化,制约数字治理协同性等现实挑战。未来要推进数字基础设施建设,缩小乡村数字鸿沟;提升干群数字素养,培育数字治理有效主体;精准研发技术,推动数字技术适配治理事务;加强条块、政社协同,强化数字治理执行保障。

As an important support of digital China strategy,rural digital governance is an important content and powerful starting point to promote rural revitalization and realize the modernization of grass-roots governance system and governance capacity.The social basis of rural digital governance can be investigated from three aspects:digitalization of rural public management,digitalization of public security governance and digitalization of public service governance.On the whole,the“three modernizations”of rural digital governance has made great progress,but the imbalance in the development of eastern and western rural areas is prominent,and the optimization space of various digital governance technologies is large.Promoting digital governance in rural areas will face digital divide and restrict the accessibility of digital governance;the digital literacy of the governance bodies will be insufficient,which will restrict the effectiveness of digital governance;the adaptation of digital technology scenarios will be low,which will restrict the adaptability of digital governance;The process of governance is“Island”,which restricts the synergy of digital governance and other practical challenges.In the future,we should promote the development of digital infrastructure and narrow the digital divide in rural areas,improve the digital literacy of cadres and groups,and cultivate effective subjects of digital governance We will strengthen coordination between government and society,and strengthen the enforcement of digital governance.