共同利益抑或个人优先:日本高校教师学术评价变革的争议与反思

Common Interest or Individual Priority:Controversy and Reflection on the Reform of Academic Evaluation of Japanese University Teachers

受社会发展不确定性、不稳定性的影响,尤其是在疫情后国家综合国力提升和经济复苏的迫切需求下,日本政府更加重视高校教师学术生产的质量和创新性贡献。从实践操作看,日本以组织导向、竞争化、新的问责结构进行的教师学术评价变革未能满足其对于学术振兴和未来社会发展形态的预设,从而引发日本社会各界的巨大争议。从深层原因看,政策选择集中与学术自主分散、研究与教学、定量评价与研究多样性、民族认同与国际可比性的关系矛盾始终是主导其机制变革的争议焦点。故而,动态平衡个人优先与共同利益、学术逻辑与市场逻辑、开放性与限制性之间的价值关系复杂性被认为是日本高校教师学术评价机制演变的内在发展逻辑。

Affected by the uncertainty and instability of social development,especially under the urgent need of improving the country's comprehensive national strength and economic recovery after the pandemic,the Japanese government pays more attention to the quality and innovative contribution of university teachers' academic production.From a practical perspective,Japan's reform of teacher academic evaluation based on organizational orientation,competition,and a new accountability structure has failed to meet its expectations for academic revitalization and future social development,leading to significant controversy in various sectors of Japanese society.From the perspective of deep-seated reasons,the contradictions between the concentration of policy choices and the dispersion of academic autonomy,between research and teaching,between quantitative evaluation and research diversity,and between national identity and international comparability have always been the focus of controversy that dominates the transformation of its mechanism.Therefore,dynamically balancing the complexity of the value relationship between individual priority and common interest,between academic logic and market logic,between openness and restriction are considered to be the internal development logic of the evolution of the academic evaluation mechanism of Japanese university teachers.