马克思劳动观的三重维度及其时代意蕴

Three dimensions of the Marx’s view on labor and its time implication

劳动作为唯物史观的核心范畴,在马克思主义理论中扮演着重要角色。一是哲学维度以异化为支点关涉人的本质,见证了异化史观至唯物史观的逻辑嬗变;二是政治经济学维度以劳动二重性为枢纽开展批判,深刻透析资本与劳动的对立根源,创立了科学的劳动价值论;三是科学社会主义维度对无产阶级寻求劳动解放从而导向新的共产主义的历史使命进行犀利阐释,勾画出科学的劳动自由图景。鉴于此,立足三重维度考察马克思劳动观,既提供了认识和把握马克思主义的理论视角,深挖其时代意蕴也给予我们透过劳动去洞察时代的哲学智慧,为新时代培树实干兴邦的劳动实践观、构筑崇尚劳动的劳动价值观、构建享受劳动的劳动幸福观提供了理论支撑、理论路径和理论指引。

As the core category of historical materialism,“Labor”plays a vital role in the Marxist theoretical system.Firstly,in the philosophical dimension,it was defined as the essence of human beings based on the fulcrum of alienation,witnessing the logical evolution from Marx's alienated conception of history to historical materialism.Secondly,in the political economy dimension,it was used to make a deep analysis on the root causes of opposite relation between“Capital”and“Labor”,pivoting on the theory of labor duality,and thus the scientific value theory of labor was established based on it.Thirdly,in the scientific socialism dimension,it was interpreted deeply on the proletarian’s historical mission that seeking labor emancipation and thus leading to communism.Therefore,it outlines the scientific picture of labor freedom.The studies on the Marx’s view on labor and its time implication by the three dimensions not only provided a theoretical perspective for a better understanding of Marxism’s theoretical system,but also gave us the philosophical wisdom to understand the times.Most importantly,the studies built the theoretical support,path,and guidance to cultivate and establish the view on labor practice of doing solid work and rejuvenating the country,on labor values of advocating labor,and on labor happiness of enjoying Labor in the new era.