肝脏-脂肪组织代谢串扰在围产期奶牛脂肪肝发展中的作用机制

Mechanism of Liver-Adipose Tissue Crosstalk in the Development of Fatty Liver in Periparturient Cows

围产期是奶牛的重要生理阶段,同时也是营养代谢性疾病多发、高发的时期。过度的能量负平衡会使奶牛产生肝外组织胰岛素抵抗,使得葡萄糖流向乳腺,而胰岛素抵抗加剧则会造成机体糖脂代谢紊乱,造成脂肪组织过度动员和肝脏脂质积累,严重的则会出现脂肪肝等疾病。大量研究表明肝脏和脂肪组织在脂肪肝发生发展中存在密切联系。本文旨在综述介导肝脏-脂肪组织串扰相关的因子及作用,以期为调控围产期奶牛糖脂代谢、改善肝脏健康提供科学参考。

The perinatal period is an important physiological stage of dairy cows,and it is also a period of frequent and high incidence of nutritional and metabolic diseases.Cows with severe negative energy balance will have peripheral tissue insulin resistance,which makes glucose are continuously transported to the mammary gland.However,the exacerbation of insulin resistance will lead to the disorder of the body′s glucose and lipid metabolism,resulting in the excessive mobilization of adipose tissue and lipid accumulation in the liver,and in severe cases,fatty liver and other diseases.A large number of studies have shown that the crosstalk between liver and adipose tissue are closely related to the development of fatty liver.This review aims to summarize the factors and their effects in mediating liver-adipose tissue crosstalk,in order to provide scientific reference for regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and improving liver health of perinatal dairy cows.