钢铁行业碳捕集技术的典型应用

Typical application of carbon capture technology in steel industry

碳捕集技术是一项创新且直接有效的碳减排措施,对于钢铁行业实现“碳中和”目标具有重要意义。概述了化学吸收法、物理吸收法、物理吸附法以及膜分离法4种主要碳捕集技术的原理、优缺点、国内应用案例,以及常见的吸收剂、吸附剂和膜材料。综述了国内外钢铁行业典型碳捕集技术的开发应用情况,包括采用化学吸收法的新日铁住金公司ESCAP工艺、浦项钢铁公司氨水化学吸收工艺和新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司醇胺化学吸收工艺,以及采用物理吸附法的JFE钢铁公司变压吸附(PSA)工艺、首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司变温吸附(TSA)+PSA工艺。钢铁行业应用碳捕集技术,在开发低温再生吸收剂、低腐蚀性吸收剂,提高物理吸附法效率,降低捕集成本等方面取得了一定进展,但依然处于初级阶段。为更好地推进碳捕集技术的大规模商业化应用,结合钢铁行业特点提出了几点建议。

Carbon capture technology is an innovative and directly effective carbon emissions reduction measure,holding significant importance for the steel industry's pursuit of“carbon neutrality”.An overview of four major carbon capture methods is provided,such as chemical absorption,physical absorption,physical adsorption and membrane separation.Their principles,advantages,disadvantages,domestic application cases,and common absorbents,adsorbents,and membrane materials are discussed.A summary of the development and application status of typical carbon capture technologies in the steel industry is also provided,including the chemical absorption methods such as the ESCAP process developed by Nippon Steel&Sumitomo Metal Corporation,the ammonia water chemical absorption process by Pohang Iron&Steel Company,and the alkanolamine chemical absorption process by Xinjiang BAYI Iron&Steel Co.,Ltd.,and physical absorption methods such as the pressure swing adsorption(PSA)process by JFE Steel Corporation and the temperature swing adsorption(TSA)+PSA process by Shougang Jingtang Iron and Steel Integrated Co.,Ltd..The steel industry has made certain progress in developing low-temperature regenerative absorbents and low-corrosive absorbents,improving the efficiency of physical adsorption methods,and reducing capture costs.However,the application of carbon capture technology in the steel industry is still at the early stage.To better promote the large-scale commercial application of carbon capture technology,several recommendations are proposed based on the unique characteristics of the steel industry.