国际政治经济竞争范式的转变:从全球价值链到战略价值链

A Competition Paradigm Shift of International Political Economy:From Global Value Chain to Strategic Value Chain

当今世界正处于一个拐点,颠覆性技术革新挑战传统全球价值链的组织形态,地缘政治的紧张局势迅速改变了全球价值链所处的环境,各种合力作用推动着世界各国的价值链战略向安全维度转变。全球价值链带来的非对称贸易和相互依赖,成为国家进行地缘政治竞争的工具和武器。欧美评估了各自关键价值链的脆弱性和安全性,并从政策层面促进供应链的自主化和泛欧美区域化,使得国家行为体从战略高度推动价值链构建的局势逐渐明朗。“战略价值链”分析框架有助于理解技术和地缘政治互动下,国家行为体在构建和重塑全球价值链中的作用,而以国家安全为目标的战略价值链构建必将带来国际政治经济范式的新变化。

Politics,and by extension states,are marginal in debates about the origin,evolution and functioning of the global value chain(CVC)in the context of economic globalization.While the world is at a turning point where disruptive technological innovations have posed great challenges to the traditional organization of GVCs,geopolitical tensions have rapidly changed the environment in which GVCs operate,and a combination of forces is driving a shift of focus toward security in the value chain strategies of different countries.The asymmetric interdependence of trade brought about by GVCs has become a tool and weapon for geopolitical competition.Both Europe and the US have examined the vulnerability and safety of their strategic value chains and promoted the autonomy and pan-European-and-American regionalization of supply chains at the policy level.Therefore,the trend of value chain construction driven by the state from a strategic level is becoming clearer.The analytical framework of"strategic value chain"helps us understand the role of the state in constructing and reshaping GVCs under the interaction between technology and geopolitics,and the construction of strategic value chain under the goal of guaranteeing national security will certainly bring about a new paradigm change in international political economy studies.