缺血型烟雾病患者围术期认知功能改变的研究进展

Research progress of perioperative cognitive function changes in patients with ischemic moyamoya disease

烟雾病(MMD)是一种发病机制尚不明确的慢性进展性脑血管疾病,其发病特点为单侧或双侧颈内动脉远端狭窄或闭塞,并于颅底或颅内主干动脉附近出现“烟雾样”血管。近年来,随着医疗技术和研究水平的不断提高,MMD患者围手术期认知功能改变的检出率也逐渐提高。本文分别从缺血型烟雾病患者围术期神经认知功能改变的临床表现、发生机制、影响因素进行综述,重点介绍MMD患者认知障碍伴随的脑电图(EEG)和磁共振成像(MRI)特征。

Moyamoya disease(MMD)is a chronic cerebrovascular disease of unknown etiology characterized by progressive stenosis or occlusion of unilateral or bilateral terminal internal carotid arteries,accompanied by the abnormal cerebrovascular network(moyamoya vessels)at the skull base.In recent years,with the continuous improvement of medical technology and research level,the detection rate of peri-operative cognitive changes in MMD patients has gradually increased.This paper reviews the clinical manifestations,pathogenesis and influencing factors of peri-operative cognitive changes in patients with ischemic MMD,and focuses on the electroencephalogram(EEG)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)features associated with cognitive impairment in patients with MMD.