2型糖尿病患者超长住院日的影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Extra Long Hospitalization Days

目的了解2型糖尿病患者超长住院日的影响因素,为缩短2型糖尿病患者平均住院日提供参考依据。方法以2017年1月1日至2021年12月31日某院2型糖尿病出院患者为对象,从病案信息系统中提取患者住院信息,应用SPSS 25.0软件进行χ^(2)检验并构建Logistic回归模型分析超长住院的影响因素。结果共纳入2型糖尿病患者7297例,中位住院天数为11天,95%分位数为15天,超长住院患者591例,占同期出院人数的8.1%。超长住院患者平均年龄55±13.5岁,65岁以上占25.9%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄[以<45岁为参照,≥65岁(P=0.014,OR=1.393)],转科(P<0.001,OR=5.979),急诊入院(P<0.001,OR=2.074),出院年份[以2017年为参照,2018年(P<0.001,OR=0.555),2019年(P<0.001,OR=0.534),2020年(P<0.001,OR=0.378),2021年(P<0.001,OR=0.206)],糖尿病肾病(P<0.001,OR=1.391),糖尿病足(P<0.001,OR=3.766)是超长住院日的影响因素。结论年龄≥65岁、转科、急诊入院、糖尿病肾病、糖尿病足的2型糖尿病患者容易发生超长住院。建议建立2型糖尿病预警机制及多学科诊疗模式从而有效缩短平均住院日,减轻患者经济负担。

Objectives To understand the influencing factors of type 2 diabetes patients with extra long hospitalization days,and provide evidence for shortening the average hospitalization days of type 2 diabetes patients.Methods The type 2 diabetes patients were hospitalized in a hospital from January 1st,2017 to December 31st,2021 as the objects,the hospitalization information of the objects were obtained from the medical information system,Theχ^(2) test and Logistic regression model were utilized to analyze the influencing factors of type 2 diabetes patients with extra long hospitalization days.The used software was SPSS 25.0.Results A total of 7297 type 2 diabetes patients were included in this study,the median length of stay was 11 days,and the 95%quantile was 15 days,there was 591 cases of patients with over-long hospitalized days among them,accounting for 8.1%of the number of patients in the same period.The average age of super long inpatients was 55±13.5 years old,and 25.9%of them were over 65 years old.Logistic regression analysis showed that age[with<45 as reference,≥65 years old(P=0.014,OR=1.393)],transferred(P<0.001,OR=5.979),emergency admission(P<0.001,OR=2.074),year of discharge[with 2017 as reference,2018(P<0.001,OR=0.555),2019(P<0.001,OR=0.534),2020(P<0.001,OR=0.378),2021(P<0.001,OR=0.206)],diabetic nephropathy(P<0.001,OR=1.391),diabetic foot(P<0.001,OR=3.766)were the influencing factors of extra long hospitalization.Conclusions Aged over 65,transferred,emergency admission,diabetic nephropathy,diabetic foot were prone to prolonged hospitalization.It was suggested to establish an early warning mechanism for type 2 diabetes and a multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment model to effectively shorten the average length of stay and reduce the economic burden of patients.