18例浆母细胞淋巴瘤的临床特征及预后分析

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 18 cases of plasmablastic lymphoma

目的:总结浆母细胞淋巴瘤(plasmablastic lymphoma,PBL)患者的临床特征和治疗,探讨诊断和预后因素。方法:回顾性分析2015年3月—2021年11月在南京鼓楼医院诊治的18例PBL患者的临床及病理特点、治疗及预后因素。结果:18例患者中位发病年龄为64(44~79)岁,男12例,女6例,HIV感染占5.6%,Ann Arbor分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期占50.0%,IPI评分中高~高危占38.9%。肿瘤细胞表达CD38、CD138、MUM1,不表达CD20、ALK,2例EBER阳性,Ki67呈高表达。18例患者均接受CHOP样方案一线治疗,5例加用硼替佐米,3例加用来那度胺,2例患者接受局部放疗,3例接受局部手术,1例接受自体造血干细胞移植。治疗后达完全缓解(complete remission,CR)8例(44.4%),总有效率(overall response rate,ORR)为77.5%。IPI低~中低危组7例(63.6%)达CR,优于中高~高危组的1例(14.3%)(P=0.04)。13例CD30阴性患者的ORR(92.3%)优于5例CD30阳性患者的ORR(40.0%)(P=0.017)。18例患者中位随访时间10.5个月,中位无进展生存期(progressive-free survival,PFS)9个月,总生存期(overall survival,OS)11个月。影响OS的独立因素包括分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ(P=0.012)、IPI评分中高~高危(P=0.023)、初始治疗后≥部分缓解(P=0.031)。影响PFS的独立因素包括分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ(P=0.011)、IPI评分中高~高危(P=0.023)、初始治疗后≥部分缓解(P=0.023)。结论:PBL常见于中老年男性,常累及结外组织,Ki67呈高表达,治疗无统一方案,预后较差,IPI指数、疾病分期和初始治疗的反应与预后相关。

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with plasmablastic lymphoma(PBL)and to address the prognostic factors.Methods:The clinical and pathological characteristics,treatment and prognostic factors of 18 patients with PBL who were diagnosed and treated in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from March 2015 to November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:18 patients included 12 males and 6 females with a median age of 64 years(range 44-79).HIV positivity was 5.6%.Stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ disease was present in 50.0%.A high-risk IPI score was present in 38.9%.All 18 patients were positive for one or more plasma cell markers CD38,CD138,and/or MUM-1 while expression of CD20 and ALK was universally absent.EBER positive was 11.1%.Ki67 was highly expressed.All patients received a CHOP-like regimen,5 patients received bortezomib,3 patients received lenalidomide,2 patients received local radiotherapy,3 patients received local surgery,and 1 patient received autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.After treatment,8 cases(44.4%)were complete remission(CR),and the overall response rate(ORR)was 77.5%.7 cases(63.6%)with low-risk IPI scores were CR while 1 case(14.3%)with high-risk IPI scores(P=0.04).The ORR of 13 cases with CD30 negative was 92.3%,which was better than 40.0% of the 5 cases with CD30 positive(P=0.017).The median follow-up time was 10.5 months,the median progressive-free survival(PFS)was 9 months,and the median overall survival(OS)was 11 months.Independent factors affecting OS included stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ(P=0.012),high-risk IPI score(P=0.023),≥partial remission after initial treatment(P=0.031).The independent factors affecting PFS included stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ(P=0.011),high-risk IPI score(P=0.023),≥partial remission after initial treatment(P=0.023).Conclusion:PBL mostly occurs in middle-age and elderly males,with extranodal tissue involved,high expression of Ki67,and poor prognosis.There is no standard treatment regimen for PBL.The IPI score,disease stage,and response to initial treatment are associated with outcomes.