麻风患者329例麻风反应发生情况及影响因素分析

Occurrence and Influencing Factors of Leprosy Reaction in 329 Leprosy Patients

目的 分析2013—2020年云南省文山州新发麻风患者中麻风反应发生情况及影响因素,为麻风反应的预防及管理提供依据。方法 以云南省文山州2013—2020年确诊的所有麻风患者为研究对象,收集患者的流行病学信息及病例资料。建立Excel数据库,采用SPSS17.0软件对数据进行分析。结果 329例麻风患者中,42.86%的患者曾发生麻风反应,其中Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型及混合型麻风反应分别占50.35%、36.88%及12.77%。45.39%的麻风反应发生在联合化疗前,28.37%发生在联合化疗后1~6个月。多菌型麻风、女性是麻风反应发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。麻风反应的发生与细菌密度指数呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 Ⅰ型麻风反应发生率最高,多菌型麻风、女性患者更易发生麻风反应,联合化疗后6个月内是麻风反应监测的重点时间段。

Objective To analyze the occurrence and influencing factors of leprosy reactions in new leprosy patients in Wenshan Prefecture,Yunnan Province from 2013 to 2020 and provide a basis for the prevention and management of leprosy reactions.Methods All leprosy patients diagnosed from 2013 to 2020 in Wenshan Prefecture,Yunnan Province were enrolled,and the epidemiological information and case data were collected.An Excel database was established and SPSS17.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results Among the 329 leprosy patients,42.86% had leprosy reactions,of which 50.35%,36.88% and 12.77% were type Ⅰ,type Ⅱ and mixed leprosy reactions,respectively.45.39% of leprosy reactions occurred before combination chemotherapy and 28.37% occurred 1 to 6 months after combination chemotherapy.Multibacterial leprosy and female were risk factors for leprosy reactions(P<0.05).The occurrence of leprosy reaction was positively correlated with bacterial density index(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of type Ⅰ leprosy reaction is the highest,and women with multibacterial leprosy are more likely with leprosy reactions,and the risk time period for leprosy reaction monitoring is within 6 months after combination chemotherapy.