1991—2021年现代黄河三角洲土地利用/覆被时空变化及其对人类活动强度的响应

Spatial-temporal variations of land use/cover and its responses to human activity intensity in the Modern Yellow River Delta during 1991-2021.

采用1991、1996、2001、2006、2011、2016和2021年7期Landsat系列遥感影像为数据源,在ENVI和ArcGIS支持下构建黄河三角洲景观类型图,运用土地利用动态度、人类活动强度模型、皮尔逊相关系数等方法对近30年黄河三角洲滨海湿地土地利用类型时空变化、人类活动强度及二者的关系进行评价。研究表明:(1)近30年现代黄河三角洲面积呈小幅度波动变化特征,自然湿地、人工湿地和非湿地面积的年均变化率分别为-1.52%、15.17%和1.95%。(2)黄河三角洲土地利用类型由单一逐渐多样,综合土地利用动态度在2011—2016年最大(3.28%)。(3)研究时段内现代黄河三角洲建设用地当量面积和人类活动强度指数均呈现上升趋势,30年期间建设用地当量面积由212.33 km^(2)增至501.26 km^(2),人类活动强度由7.93%升高至18.84%。(4)研究期内现代黄河三角洲土地利用/覆被时空变化与人类活动强度变化具有一致性、同步性和显著相关性,说明人类活动与研究区土地利用变化关系密切。

Under the supports of ENVI and ArcGIS software,seven Landsat remote sensing images in July of 1991,1996,2001,2006,2011,2016,and 2021 were selected as data sources to construct landscape type maps of Yellow River Delta.Using the methods of land use dynamic degree,human activity intensity model,and Pearson correlation coefficient,we evaluated the spatial and temporal variations of land use types,human activity intensity,and their relationship in coastal wetlands of the Yellow River Delta in the recent 30 years.The results showed that:(1)There were small fluctuations for the area of the Yellow River Delta in recent 30 years.The annual change rates of natural wetland,artificial wetland,and non-wetland areas were-1.52%,15.17%,and 1.95%,respectively.(2)Land use in the Yellow River Delta changed from single type to diverse types.The largest value(3.28%)of the dynamic degree of synthetic land use appeared during 2011-2016.(3)The equivalent area of construction land and the human activity intensity index of the Yellow River Delta showed an increasing trend in study period.The equivalent area of construction land increased from 212.33 km^(2) to 501.26 km^(2),and the human activity intensity index increased from 7.93%to 18.84%in recent 30 years.(4)The spatial-temporal pattern of land use/cover change was consistent,synchronized,and significantly correlated with human activity intensity,suggesting that human activity was closely related to land use change in the study area.