基于InVEST模型的围场县小滦河流域碳储量空间分布及热点区域分析

Analyzing spatial distribution of carbon storage and hot spots in Xiaoluan River basin in Weichang County based on InVEST model.

区域生态系统服务功能的量化评估,是发现区域生态问题、制定针对性的生态环境保护措施的重要前提。当前,围场县小滦河流域存在着植被生产力水平低下、生态系统固碳功能较弱等生态问题。研究围场县小滦河流域的区域碳储量现状及空间分布格局,能够为当地解决生态问题提供重要的依据。本研究基于InVEST模型,利用实地调查数据结合遥感影像解译的方法,对围场县小滦河流域的碳储量现状和空间分布进行了分析,同时用热点分析方法,对围场县小滦河流域生态系统固碳功能的热点区域进行识别。结果表明:2021年围场县小滦河流域总碳储量为1.47×10^(7)Mg,其中林地碳储量为5.37×10^(6)Mg,占总碳储量的36.64%。该区域单位面积碳储量的空间分布格局呈现出南高北低的特征,北部有少量高碳密度的区域零星分布。围场县小滦河流域生态系统固碳功能热点区主要分布于南部,占比28.59%,冷点区主要位于中部和北部,占比44.14%,非显著点占比较少,生态系统固碳功能空间分布极不平衡。因此,在热点区域应施以保护为主措施,减小人为干扰所造成的影响;而针对北部高原区的冷点区域,则应该实施以植被恢复为主的措施,比如在宜林区进行植树造林活动,以改善该区域固碳功能低下的现状。

Quantitative assessment of ecosystem services is a prerequisite for identifying ecological problems and formulating targeted regional environmental protection measures.There are serious ecological problems in Xiaoluan River basin in Weichang County,including low primary productivity and carbon sequestration.To solve these ecological problems,it is necessary to understand the status and spatial distribution of regional carbon storage in Xiaoluan River basin in Weichang County.Based on the InVEST model,we combined field survey data with remote sensing image interpretation to estimate carbon storage in the Xiaoluan River basin in Weichang County.The hotspot analysis method was used to identify the hotspot areas of carbon sequestration.The results showed that total carbon storage in Xiaoluan River basin in Weichang County in 2021 was 1.47×10^(7)Mg.Forest carbon storage was 5.37×10^(6)Mg,accounting for 36.64%of the total carbon storage in the basin.The spatial pattern of carbon density was characterized by high value in the southern area and low in the northern area of the basin,with a few high carbon density areas scattered in the north.The hotspots of ecosystem carbon sequestration function mainly distributed in the southern area,accounting for 28.59%,whereas the cold spots mainly located in the central and northern parts,accounting for 44.14%.The area of non-significant points was negligible.Spatial distribution of ecosystem carbon sequestration function was extremely unbalanced in the basin.Therefore,protection-oriented measures should consider hotspot areas to mitigate the impacts of human disturbance.For cold-spot areas in northern plateau areas,vegetation restoration-based measures should be implemented,such as using afforestation in areas suitable for forest to improve carbon sequestration.