陕西省成人慢性肾病流行状况及影响因素研究

Prevalence and influencing factors of chronic kidney disease in adults of Shaanxi Province

目的 了解陕西省成人慢性肾病流行状况及影响因素,为慢性肾病的早期防治提供依据。方法 研究数据来源于2018年陕西省成人慢性病及危险因素监测,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取陕西省18岁及以上常住居民6 202人为研究对象,开展问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检测。采用SPSS 25.0软件进行t检验、χ2检验与多因素logistic回归分析。结果 有效样本为5 975例,慢性肾病加权患病率为8.85%,女性慢性肾病患病率(11.45%)高于男性(6.39%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄增加(OR=1.025,95%CI:1.018~1.033)、女性(OR=1.520,95%CI:1.205~1.915)、高血压(OR=2.155,95%CI:1.786~2.600)、糖尿病(OR=2.193,95%CI:1.775~2.710)和高尿酸血症(OR=2.132,95%CI:1.475~3.082)与慢性肾病患病高风险相关,经常锻炼(OR=0.618,95%CI:0.460~0.832)与慢性肾病患病低风险相关,均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 陕西省成人慢性肾病患病率较高,尤其是女性慢性肾病患病率偏高,应重点关注中老年人群、缺乏锻炼人群以及患有高血压、糖尿病、高尿酸血症等慢性疾病相关人群。

Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of adult chronic kidney disease in Shaanxi Province,and provide the basis for early prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease. Methods The data were from the monitoring ofchronic diseases and risk factors of adults in Shaanxi Province in 2018,the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling methodwas adopted to select 6 202 permanent residents (≥18 years old) in Shaanxi Province. The investigation was performed with thequestionnaires,physical examinations and laboratory tests. The t test, χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were usedto analyze the data,the used software was SPSS 25.0. Results The effective samples were 5 975 cases,and the weighted morbidityof chronic kidney disease was 8.85%. The morbidity (11.45%) of chronic kidney disease in females was significantly higher thanthat (6.39%)in males (P<0.01).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that:the increased age (OR=1.025,95%CI:1.018 -1.033),female (OR=1.520,95%CI:1.205 -1.915),hypertension (OR=2.155,95%CI:1.786-2.600),diabetes(OR=2.193,95%CI:1.775-2.710) and hyperuricemia(OR=2.132,95%CI:1.475-3.082) were associated with the higherrisk of chronic kidney disease;and regular exercise (OR=0.618,95% CI:0.460 -0.832) was associated with the lower risk ofchronic kidney disease (P<0.01). Conclusion The chronic kidney disease morbidity of adults in Shaanxi Province is high ,especially in females. It should pay attention to middle-aged and elderly people,people who lack exercise,and people with chronicdiseases such as hypertension,diabetes and hyperuricemia.