内蒙古地区2021年中学生校园欺凌与抑郁共发趋势及与饮食方式的相关性

Co-occurrence trend of school bullying and depression and its correlation with dietary patterns among middle school students from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021

目的了解2021年内蒙古地区中学生校园欺凌和抑郁共发与饮食方式的相关性,为预防校园欺凌和抑郁提供理论参考依据。方法2021年9月采用分层随机整群抽样方法,在内蒙古自治区12个盟市抽取87414名中学生作为研究对象,使用流调用抑郁量表(CES-D)对学生抑郁情况进行调查;依据《全国学生常见病和健康影响因素监测与干预工作方案》中有关校园欺凌条目判定校园欺凌,同时分析学生校园欺凌抑郁共发情况。采用χ^(2)检验和二元Logistic回归方法进行统计学分析。结果2021年内蒙古地区中学生抑郁症状检出率为15.24%,校园欺凌检出率为3.02%,校园欺凌和抑郁共发率为1.64%。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,初中生、女生更容易共发校园欺凌和抑郁(OR值分别为1.52,1.10),吃油炸食品每天<1和≥1次、吸烟、饮酒与学生校园欺凌抑郁共发呈正相关(OR值分别为2.15,2.11,2.14,1.70)(P值均<0.05)。结论内蒙古地区中学生校园欺凌与抑郁共发受多种饮食方式的影响,减少薯条炸鸡等油炸食物的摄入、不吸烟、不饮酒可有效降低校园欺凌抑郁共发的现象。

Objective To investigate the correlation between school bullying and depressive symptoms comorbidity and dietary patterns among middle school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2021,so as to provide reference for the preven-tion of school bullying and depressive symptoms.Methods In September 2021,stratified random cluster sampling was used to se-lect 87414 middle school students in 12 leagues in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.The Center for Epidemiologic Studies De-pression Scale(CES-D)was used to assess depression,and the bullying was determined according to the items related to bullying in the program of Chinese National Surveillance on Students'Common Diseases and Risk Factors.Results In 2021,the detection rate of depressive symptoms among middle school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was 15.24%,school bullying was 3.02%,and the co-occurrence of school bullying and depression was 1.64%.Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school students(OR=1.52)and girls(OR=1.10)were more likely to suffer from comorbidity of school bullying and depres-sion(P<0.05).Eating fried food less than one and more than once a day,smoking and drinking were positively correlated with school bullying and depression comorbidity(OR=2.15,2.11,2.14,1.70,P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of bullying and depression among middle school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is affected by various dietary methods.In terms of diet,reducing the intake of fried food,no smoking,no drinking can effectively reduce the incidence of co-occurrence school bull-ying and depression.