内蒙古地区2021年12岁学生脊柱侧弯现况及相关因素分析

Status of scoliosis and the related factors among 12-year-old school students from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021

目的了解内蒙古地区12岁学生脊柱侧弯现状及相关因素,为精准开展青少年脊柱弯曲异常防控提供科学依据。方法于2021年10—11月,采用分层随机整群抽样方法,以内蒙古自治区18399名12岁学生为研究对象,开展脊柱弯曲异常筛查与影响因素问卷调查。采用χ^(2)检验进行单因素分析,采用二元Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果共检出脊柱弯曲异常学生397例(2.2%),其中脊柱侧弯368例(2.0%)。腰胸椎段侧弯检出205例,检出率为1.1%;胸椎段、腰胸椎段侧弯分别检出173,141例,检出率分别为0.9%,0.8%。二元Logistic回归分析显示,城区、经济片区中的中片、小学前参加文化类补习班、班级座位从不定时调换与12岁学生脊柱侧弯发生呈正相关(OR值分别为1.95,1.67,1.76,1.71,P值均<0.05);肥胖、平均每周上3或4节体育课,小学前参加过体美类兴趣班与12岁学生脊柱侧弯的发生均呈负相关(OR值分别为0.69,0.31,0.36,0.71,P值均<0.05)。结论内蒙古自治区12岁学生脊柱侧弯不容乐观,应重视12岁前学生脊柱侧弯防控,积极预防侧弯发生和进展。

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of scoliosis in 12-year-old students from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,so as to provide scientific basis for accurate prevention and control of abnormal spinal curvature.Methods From October to November 2021,a total of 18399 students aged 12 were selected by region and school level by strati-fied random cluster sampling method,and spinal curvature screening and questionnaire survey of common diseases and health influ-encing factors among students were carried out.Chi-squared test was used for single factor analysis,and binary Logistic regression model was used for multi factor analysis.Results A total of 397 students(2.2%)were detected with abnormal curvature of the spine,including 368 students(2.0%)with scoliosis.Among them,205 cases were in the lumbar thoracic segment with a detection rate of 1.1%,173 cases were in the thoracic segment with a detection rate of 0.9%,and 141 cases were in lumbar thoracic segment with a detection rate of O.8%.Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that urban area,economic area(moderate),attending tuto-rial classes before primary school and class seats never changed regularly were positively correlated with the occurrence of scoliosis among 12 year old students(OR=1.95,1.67,1.76,1.71,P<0.05).Obesity,attending an average of 3 or 4 physical education clas-ses per week,attending physical fitness and beauty classes before primary school were negatively correlated with the occurrence of scoliosis among 12 year old students(OR=0.69,0.31,0.36,0.71,P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of scoliosis among 12-year-old students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is not optimistic.It should pay attention to the prevention and control of scoliosis in students before the age of 12,actively prevent the occurrence and progress of scoliosis.