“银龄教师行动计划”:人口老龄化背景下教师供给的替代性路径

“Silver-Age Teacher Action Plan”:An Alternative Pathwayfor Teacher Supply in the Context of Aging Population

2023年8月,《国家银龄教师行动计划》出台,这是政治源流、政策源流与问题源流共同作用而促成的,是对传统教师供给模式的超越。“银龄教师行动计划”体现了人口老龄化背景下的政策引领、社会公益组织的实践积淀、乡村教师队伍建设的纾困需求,以及由政治价值、经济价值、教育价值与生命价值共同构成的四维价值向度。“银龄教师行动计划”有助于唤醒“银龄教师”的生命自觉,充分发挥退休教师资源优势,促进教师资源配置从“输血”到“造血”的本质转变,进而实现公平而有质量的乡村教育。“银龄教师行动计划”的实施路径主要包括:按需设岗,及时动态调整;“编制脱钩”,注重灵活管理;“刚柔并济”,建立考核体系;“量体裁衣”,加强经费保障。各级政府和学校要为“银龄教师”发挥余热创造条件,营造一个尊老、爱老的社会环境,让其施展才华、老有所为。

In August 2023,the National Silver-Age Teacher Action Plan was launched.It is the result of the combined influence of political,policy-related,and problem-driven factors,representing a transcendence of the traditional teacher supply model.The plan embodies the policy guidance in the context of“aging population”,the accumulated practice of social welfare organizations,the alleviation of rural teacher shortage,and the four-dimensional value dimensions constituted by political,economic,educational,and life values.The“Silver-Age Teacher Action Plan”aims to awaken the self-awareness of“silver haired”teachers,fully utilize the advantages of retired teacher resources,promote the essential transformation of teacher resource allocation from“supplying”to“making full use of available resources”,and thereby achieve equitable and quality rural education.The implementation measures of the plan mainly includeestablishing positions as needed with timely dynamic adjustments,decoupling from established quotas with an emphasis on flexible management,combining firmness and flexibility while establishing an assessment system,and tailoring measures to ensure financial support.Governments at all levels and schools should create conditions for“silver-age teachers”to contribute their expertise and foster a social environment of respecting and loving the elderly,let them showcase their talents and make a difference in their old age.