校园空间作为环境知识网络的物质媒介——以华南地区中小学为例

Campus as a Physical Medium for Environmental Knowledge Network:Case Studies on the School Design in South China

面向未来的教育鼓励在真实世界中的体验式学习,从而培养学生探索、交互、创造的能力。校园不仅仅是学习活动的空间载体,更是学生获得感知和体验的重要场所。校园中的环境要素及其组织方式承载着物理环境构成逻辑以及地域文脉等丰富信息,具有成为实体教材的巨大潜能。研究以环境教育为线索,将校园视为传播学习信息和知识内涵的物质空间媒介,以华南地区中小学校园设计案例作为研究样本,通过类型学分析,对环境构成要素的多样性、环境关照内容的复合性、环境学习行为的互动性进行考察,从而揭示校园环境的教育价值,并提出空间设计与课程设计相结合,将校园环境系统作为构建知识网络的物质空间媒介的设计视角。

The concept of future-oriented education advocates experiential learning in the real context,thus cultivating students’ability to explore,interact and create.The school campus is not only a functional space for teaching and learning,but also an important place for students to gain perceptions and experiences.The nature,buildings,and other elements of the campus environment have great potential to become living teaching materials,as they contain rich information about the principles of the physical environment and local context.This study takes the campus as a physical medium for environmental education,through a typological analysis of the relationship between environmental consideration,campus space,and learning behavior in the cases of school campus design in South China,to examine the diversity of environmental components,the complexity of environmental care content,and the interactivity of environmental learning behaviors.It reveals the educational value of campus environment and proposes a design perspective that integrates spatial design with curriculum design,by incorporating environmental knowledge network into campus design.