城乡一体化背景下乡村基本公共服务设施配置研究——以厦门市92个保留村庄为例

Research on the Allocation of Rural Basic Public Service Facilities under the Background of Urban-rural Integration:Taking 92 Reserved Villages in Xiamen as an Example

随着我国城乡一体化进程的不断推进,乡村的人口、就业、交通等基本情况发生很大改变,形成了以流动性为特点的“新乡村”模式,乡村基本公共服务设施也因此产生了供需不匹配的新问题。文章以厦门市城镇开发边界外92个保留村庄的基本公服设施配置为研究对象,建立基于配置标准的评价模型对村庄进行分类,继而在马斯洛需求理论的指导下对村庄进行调研,发现现有设施配置与村民实际需求有差异、信息反馈渠道缺乏等问题。对此,文章提出自下而上的村民需求反馈和自上而下的规范要求相结合,形成以设施跨界共享为主的新配置模式,并对改良后的配置模式进行可达性验证。最终总结出设施统筹配置及政村沟通机制两项建议,对乡村基本公共服务设施的配置模式进行了有意义的探索。

With the continuous advancement of our country’s urban-rural integration process,the basic conditions of rural population,employment,and transportation have undergone great changes,forming a“new village”model characterized by mobility,and rural basic public service facilities have also emerged.The new problem of supply and demand mismatch.This paper studies the configuration of basic public service facilities in 92 reserved villages outside the urban development boundary of Xiamen City,and establishes an evaluation model based on configuration standards to classify the villages.After classification,under the guidance of Maslow’s theory of needs,the villages are investigated,and new problems found,such as the differences between the configured facilities and the actual needs of the villagers,and the lack of information feedback channels.In this regard,this paper proposes a combination of bottom-up villagers’demand feedback and top-down normative requirements to form a new configuration model based on cross-border sharing of facilities,and conducts accessibility verification on the improved configuration model.Finally,it summarizes the allocation measures and suggestions of the two basic rural public service facilities,the overall allocation of facilities and the communication mechanism between the government and the village,and makes a meaningful exploration of the allocation mode of rural public service facilities.