宋代点茶“盏贵青黑”文化成因及美学意涵

Cultural Origin and Aesthetic Significance for Tea-Whisking Practice of Valuing Black Glazed Porcelain with Preference for Green and Black Colors in Song Dynasty

宋代是中国茶文化发展的一个重要阶段,点茶斗茶的兴起也催生出不同于别代以青白色茶盏为主的黑釉盏。本文将从宋徽宗所著的《大观茶论》里提到的“盏色贵青黑”中着手探究盏色何以贵青黑?是对宋代文人何种茶道审美精神的外化体现?本文通过对宋代文人茶类相关文献进行收集整理,挖掘黑釉盏于宋代的繁盛与饮茶风格的变化关联性,从“盏贵青黑”映射出社会政治环境以及崇尚自然的道家思想等多层次、多方位的对宋人点茶审美的联系与影响。深挖宋代茶文化美学精神内核有助于深化文明交流互鉴,为茶类非物质文化遗产的系统性保护拓展道路,传承发扬中华优秀传统文化。

The Song Dynasty represents an important stage in the development of Chinese tea culture,during which the rise of tea-whisking and tea competitions gave birth to black glazed porcelain cups that differed from the predominantly green and white cups in previous eras.This paper investigates the reasons for valuing black glazed porcelain with preference for green and black colors as was mentioned in Song Huizong’s Da Guan Cha Lun,exploring the aesthetic spirit of tea ceremony among literati in the Song Dynasty.By collecting and sorting out the tea-related documents of literati in the Song Dynasty,this paper discusses the correlation between the prosperity of black glaze in the Song Dynasty and the change of tea drinking style.The practice of valuing black glazed porcelain made with green and black colors reflected the social and political environment,as well as the Taoist thought of advocating nature and other multi-level,multi-directional relational influence of tea-whisking on the aesthetic judgment in the Song Dynasty.In-depth exploration of the spiritual core of tea culture aesthetics in the Song Dynasty can deepen cultural exchange and mutual learning,expand the path towards systematic protection of tea intangible cultural heritage,and inherit and carry forward the outstanding traditional Chinese culture.