马祖洪州禅与中国禅茶文化析论

Analysis on Matsu Hongzhou Zen and Chinese Zen Tea Culture

以唐朝禅宗高僧马祖道一为代表的洪州宗人,积极践行“平常心是道”的佛禅理念,创新发展六朝以来尤其是北宗禅的禅茶文化,引导禅茶从注重物理功能转化为注重物理、精神合一且以精神为上。由此大大提升了禅茶文化的内涵与境界,“吃茶”日渐成为丛林流行的一大禅语和禅法作略。马祖洪州宗有力地促成了丛林禅茶的正式确立与普遍推广,成为践行佛教中国化的关键因素之一,影响可谓至深至巨。

The people of Hongzhou,represented by eminent monk Matsu Daoyi in the Tang Dynasty,actively practiced the Buddhist concept of"Ordinary mind is the Tao",innovated and developed the Zen tea culture since the Six Dynasties,especially the Northern Sect Zen,and guided Zen tea from focusing on physical function to physical,spiritual unity with spirituality as the priority.This greatly enhanced the connotation and realm of Zen tea culture,and the quote of"going for tea"increasingly became a major Zen phrase and Zen method popular in the jungle.Matsu Hongzhou Sect effectively promoted the formal establishment and popularization of jungle Zen tea,which became one of the key parts to the practice of Sinicization of Buddhism.Its influence can be described as profound and huge.