池塘养殖加料车设计

Design of feeding truck for pond culture

针对目前池塘养殖中投饵机大部分加料都是依靠人力完成,劳动强度大,在陡峭斜岸上对投饵船进行加料困难的现状,设计一种无动力出料的节能定量加料车。加料车使用旋转下料阀进行定量下料,使用剪叉式升降平台调整加料高度。通过设计位于下料阀出料口的球形限位旋转连接件调整加料管的倾角实现无动力出料。基于圆柱凸轮设计新型伸缩加料管。加料车通过车体的移动、剪叉式升降平台的升降、加料管倾角和长度的调整实现定向、定距、定点的饲料添加。制作加料车样机,以投饵船和固定式投饵机为加料目标进行加料试验,试验结果表明加料车对不同规格饲料具有通用性,1.2 m的伸缩长度和1.5 m的升降高度能满足投饵船和固定式投饵机的加料需求,调整灵活,加料速度为6.2 kg/min。设计的加料车使用灵活,能代替人工给投饵船和固定式投饵机加料,减轻人工劳动强度,提高养殖过程的机械化水平,为进一步实现自动化和智能化打下基础。

In response to the current situation that most of the bait feeders in pond culture rely on manpower,which is labor-intensive,and it is difficult to feed the baiting boats on steep sloping banks,an energy-saving feeding truck without power discharging has been designed.The truck uses a rotating discharging valve for feeding,and a scissor lift platform for adjusting the height of feeding.Through the design of the spherical limit rotating connector located at the discharge port of the rotating discharging valve to adjust the inclination angle of the feeding tube to realize the non-powered discharging,a new type of telescopic feeding tube is designed based on cylindrical cam.The feeding truck can realize directional,fixed-distance and fixed-point feed addition through the movement of the truck body,the lifting and lowering of the scissor lift platform,and the adjustment of the inclination angle and length of the feeding tube.The prototype of the feeding truck was made,and the feeding test was carried out with the baiting boat and stationary baiting machine as the feeding target,and the test results show that the feeding truck has the universality for different specifications of feeds,and the telescopic length of 1.2 m and the lifting height of 1.5 m can satisfy the feeding needs of the baiting boat and stationary baiting machine,and the adjusting is flexible,and the rate of feeding is 6.2 kg/min.The designed feeding truck is flexible in use,and it can replace the manual feeding to the baiting boat and stationary baiting machine.It can replace manual feeding for baiting boat and fixed baiting machine,reduce manual labor intensity,improve the mechanization level of breeding process,and lay the foundation for further automation and intelligence.