技术发展威胁论?——论《雪崩》的社会空间重构与人机身份新认知

A Threat Theory of Technological Development?:The Reconstruction of Social Space and the New Cognition of Man-machine Identity in Snow Crash

生物技术与信息技术的新发展,正在革新我们赖以生存的社会空间和我们的社会身份。在“元宇宙”成为热词的今天,技术发展为人们带来了更多关于社会空间、身体认知的想象路径。本文将以“元宇宙”概念创生的小说——尼尔·斯蒂芬森的《雪崩》为文学样本,详细讨论书中由计算机技术发展带来的近未来社会空间的结构变化,以及由此所引发的后人类身体与身份的全新认知。小说中“超元域”的赛博空间想象与描摹,解构并重构了现实社会空间的阶级与性别权力分层,使现实社会空间与网络社会空间形成二元对立的博弈张力。而计算机网络与人机联结的技术革新,不仅重构了肉身的身体机能,也使人类的身份认知在现实与网络的平行与双重性中,生成身份矛盾的消解、互映与补充。

The new development of biotechnology and information technology is reforming the social space in which we live and build our social identity.When"Metaverse"has become a hot word,technological development has brought more imaginative paths about social space and body cognition.This study will take Neil Stephenson's Snow Crash,a novel created by the concept of"Metaverse",as a literary sample to discuss in detail the structural changes of social space in the near future brought by the development of computer technology in the book,as well as the whole new cognition of post-human body and identity.The Cyberspace imagination and description of the"Metaverse"deconstructs and reconstructs the class and gender power stratification of the real social space,and makes the real social space and the network social space form a dualistic tension.The technological innovation of computer network and Man-machine connection not only reconstructs the physical function of the human body,but also makes the human identity cognition generate the resolution,reflection and supplement of identity contradictions in the parallel and duality of reality and network.