新冠病毒感染疫情前后青少年手机成瘾变化及影响因素分析

Changes and influencing factors of mobile phone addiction among adolescents before and after the COVID-19 epidemic

目的调查新冠病毒感染疫情前后青少年手机成瘾变化情况及影响因素。方法2019年12月6—20日和2020年3月20—28日对广东省某市1所大专院校、1所中等职业学校和1所普通高中的3124名学生进行问卷调查。基于倾向性评分匹配比较疫情前后手机成瘾的变化情况,基于多因素logistic回归构建青少年手机成瘾风险列线图模型。结果经倾向性评分匹配,疫情前后各匹配了1236名学生。疫情期间青少年手机成瘾倾向量表(MPATS)得分为(39.28±10.03),较疫情前(37.03±10.45)升高(P<0.01),不同性别、生源地及非独生子女、中专生、每月生活费<1000元的青少年MPATS量表得分较疫情前高(P<0.01或P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,城市生源(OR=1.45)、中专生(OR=2.06)、经常熬夜手机上网(OR=2.36)、上网时间总是比预计长(OR=2.08)、每月手机上网花费更多(OR=1.47、1.44、2.25)增加青少年手机成瘾风险,每日手机上网累计时长更短(OR=0.66、0.70)降低青少年手机成瘾风险。基于上述影响因素构建青少年手机成瘾风险列线图模型,模型AUC=0.72。结论与疫情前相比,疫情期间青少年手机成瘾得分、比例增加,生源地、教育程度、熬夜手机上网、上网时长、每月手机上网花费、每日手机上网累计时长是青少年手机成瘾的影响因素,应采取干预措施防止手机过度使用对青少年造成不良影响。

Objective To investigate the changes and influencing factors of mobile phone addiction among adolescents before and after the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods From December 6 to 20,2019,and March 20 to 28,2020,3124 students from a junior college,a secondary vocational school,and a high school in a city of Guangdong Province were surveyed by questionnaire.The changes in mobile phone addiction before and after the epidemic were compared based on propensity score matching,and a nomogram of mobile phone addiction among adolescents was constructed based on multivariate logistic regression.Results After propensity score matching,1236 students were matched before and after the epidemic respectively.The score of the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale(MPATS)for adolescents during the epidemic period was(39.28±10.03),which was higher than that before the epidemic(37.03±10.45)(P<0.01).The scores of MPATS during the epidemic period were higher in adolescents of different genders,different places of origin,non-only children,secondary school students,and with monthly living expenses less than 1000 yuan than before the epidemic(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that urban students(OR=1.45),secondary school students(OR=2.06),often stay up late surfing by mobile phone(OR=2.36),always stay online longer than expected(OR=2.08),monthly mobile internet costs more(OR=1.47,1.44,2.25)increased the risk of mobile phone addiction among adolescents,while shorter daily accumulated time on mobile phone internet(OR=0.66,0.70)reduced the risk of mobile phone addiction among adolescents.Based on the above factors,a nomogram model of adolescent mobile phone addiction risk was constructed,with AUC=0.72.Conclusions Compared with before the epidemic,the score and proportion of adolescents with mobile phone addiction increased during the epidemic period.The factors affecting adolescents with mobile phone addiction include their place of origin,education level,staying up late,online time,monthly spending on mobile phone internet,and daily accumulated time on mobile phone internet.Intervention measures should be taken to prevent the excessive use of mobile phones from causing adverse effects on adolescents.