农田管理措施对土壤动物群落特征的影响

Effects of Farmland Management Measures on the Characteristics of Soil Animal Community

农田管理措施可显著改变土壤动物群落结构和多样性,影响生态系统服务功能的发挥,并最终影响土壤健康和土壤安全。本研究通过对近20年国内外有关农田管理措施对土壤动物影响的相关报道进行梳理,系统总结了施肥方式、种植方式、耕作模式和喷洒农药4种管理措施对土壤动物群落组成和多样性的影响。在现有分析的基础上,提出了未来对于农田管理措施如何影响土壤动物多样性的研究中需要关注的方向,强调未来应在物种水平上加强农田管理措施对土壤动物多样性影响的认知,应重视农田管理措施下土壤食物网结构与功能的研究,应不断完善基于土壤动物群落的农田土壤健康评价指标,以期为农业土壤健康维持提供理论参考。

Farmland management measures can significantly alter the structure and diversity of soil animal communities,thereby affecting the performance of ecosystem services,ultimately,soil health and soil security.Here,the effects of four types of management measures,including fertilization,cropping system,tillage practices and pesticide spraying,on soil animal community composition and its diversity were investigated in detail through reports on the effects of farmland management measures on soil animals in the past 20 years.Based on the current studies,we suggest future directions to focus on the studies of farmland management measures how to affect soil animal diversity,and it is emphasized that the understanding of the impact of farmland management measures on soil animal diversity should be strengthened at the species level in the future.In addition,we should pay attention to the research on the structure and function of soil food webs under farmland management measures,and continuously improve the farmland soil health evaluation indicators based on soil animal communities,which will provide theoretical references for the maintenance of agricultural soil health.