基于文献计量的农田土壤重金属污染修复技术与效果分析

Remediation Technology and Effect Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in Farmland Soil Based on Bibliometrics

梳理国内外农田土壤重金属污染修复的研究热点及最新进展,总结有效的修复治理技术及实际效果,为我国重金属污染农田的安全利用提供依据。利用COOC和VOSviewer文献计量工具,以中国知网(CNKI)全文数据库和Web of Science核心合集数据库(WOS)为数据检索源,对2010~2021年农田土壤重金属污染修复与治理领域的相关文献进行知识图谱的可视化分析。在2010~2021年间,国内外对农田土壤重金属修复研究文献数量呈快速增长态势,且英文文献的增长率明显高于中文文献。我国在农田土壤重金属污染修复领域的研究占有绝对领先地位(发文量占比率最高,达26.8%),对全球重金属污染治理工作的贡献最大。国内外在该领域发文期刊(TOP 3)有:《农业环境科学学报》《安徽农业科学》《环境工程学报》《Environmental Science and Pollution Research》《Chemosphere》《Journal of Hazardous Materials》。关注的重金属种类主要是镉、铅、砷等。国内外的研究学者呈“小聚体、大分散”的特点,合作关系有待进一步加强。通过关键词分析表明,固化/稳定化技术和植物修复技术在中英文献中的研究比重均较高(约80%),是目前研究的重点和热点。从田间试验的修复效果来看(以镉污染为例),低积累作物品种种植(籽粒降镉率达67.9%)、无机-有机组配(42.7%)以及叶面阻控技术(39.9%)在降镉方面表现出较好的效果,未来还需将其与农艺措施(如间套作、水分调控)、微生物菌剂等联合配施,以实现更好的田间修复和治理效果。

The latest frontier progress and research hotspots in the remediation of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils at home and abroad were reviewed to summarize the effective remediation and treatment technologies and the practical effects,so as to provide a basis for the safe use of heavy metal-contaminated farmland in China.In this study,COOC and VOSviewer bibliometric tools were used,and the full-text database of China Knowledge Network(CNKI)and Web of Science core collection database(WOS)were used as data retrieval sources to visualize and analyze the knowledge map of relevant literature in the field of remediation and management of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil fields from 2010 to 2021.The number of domestic and foreign research literature on heavy metal remediation in agricultural soil fields has been growing rapidly during 2010~2021,and the growth rate of English literature was significantly higher than that of Chinese literature.China is the leading researcher in the field of remediation of heavy metal pollution in agricultural fields(with the highest publication rate of 26.8%)and has contributed the most to the global heavy metal pollution control efforts.The TOP 3 journals of domestic and foreign publishing in this field include:Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences,Anhui Agricultural Science,Journal of Environmental Engineering,Environmental Science and Pollution Research,Chemosphere,Journal of Hazardous Materials.Heavy metals such as cadmium(Cd),lead and arsenic,etc.were attracted much attention from researchers.The research scholars at home and abroad were characterized by"small clusters,big dispersion",and the cooperation needs to be further strengthened.Based on the analysis of keywords,the research hotspots were solidification/stabilization technology and phytoremediation(with a proportion of 80%)in both Chinese and English literature.Taking Cd pollution as an example,the remediation effects of reducing Cd in field trials were included in the low-accumulation crop varieties(the rate of Cd reduction in grains reached 67.9%),inorganic-organic combination(42.7%)and foliar resistance control technology(39.9%).However,it is still necessary to combine them with agronomic measures(e.g.intercropping,water regulation)and microbial fungicides to achieve better field restoration and governance effect.