碳基荧光纳米探针的构建及对食品中组胺的高灵敏检测分析

Preparation of carbon-based fluorescent nanoprobes and high sensitivity detection analysis of histamine in food

目的基于碳基荧光纳米材料构建掺杂镧系金属铕的蓝色荧光碳点(europium-doped carbon dots,Eu-CDs),并将Eu-CDs荧光探针应用于食品中组胺的检测。方法采用水热法和机械搅拌法合成Eu-CDs,并对其形貌与结构进行表征。通过紫外及荧光光谱图研究Eu-CDs的光学性能,并探究在不同离子强度、紫外灯照射时间、pH、检测时间下Eu-CDs的光学稳定性。探究Eu-CDs荧光探针对于组胺的检测性能及机制,并运用于实际样品的检测中。结果制备得到了量子产率为55.61%的Eu-CDs荧光探针,并成功应用于组胺的检测。组胺能够基于荧光动态猝灭机制有效猝灭Eu-CDs位于448nm处的发射光。该方法在0.5~200.0ng/mL浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数r^(2)=0.99071,检出限为0.2029 ng/mL。在实际样品的检测中,鲍鱼及牡蛎样品的加标回收率达到95.1%~104.0%和96.8%~108.2%,相对标准偏差为1.3%~3.0%,检测性能良好。结论该检测方法具有方便快捷、灵敏度高、检出限低、线性范围宽等优势,适用于食品中组胺含量的检测,在食品安全领域具有广阔的应用前景。

Objective To synthesize the europium-doped carbon dots(Eu-CDs)based on carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials,and apply Eu-CDs fluorescent probes to the detection of histamine in food.Methods Eu-CDs were synthesized by hydrothermal method and mechanical stirring,followed by characterization of their morphology and structure.The optical properties of Eu-CDs were investigated through ultraviolet and fluorescence spectroscopy,and the optical stability was examined under varying conditions,including ion strengths,ultraviolet lamp irradiation durations,pH,and detection times.The detection performance and mechanism of Eu-CDs as a fluorescent probe for histamine were explored and applied to the analysis of real food samples.Results Eu-CDswithaquantumyieldof 55.61%were obtained and were applied effectively for histamine detection.Histamine effectively quenched the emission light of Eu-CDs at 448 nm through a fluorescence dynamic quenching mechanism.The developed method exhibited a good linear relationship in the mass concentration range of 0.5 to 200.0 ng/mL,with a correlation coefficient(r^(2))of 0.99071 and the limit of detection of 0.2029 ng/mL.In the analysis of real samples,the spiked recoveries for abalone and ostreidae samples ranged from 95.1%to 104.0%and from 96.8%to 108.2%,respectively,with relative standard deviations ranged from 1.3%to 3.0%.The method demonstrated excellent analytical performance.Conclusion This detection method offers advantages such as convenience,high sensitivity,low detection limits,and a wide linear range,making it suitable for histamine determination in food samples.It holds promising applications in the field of food safety.