宜兴市城镇与乡村糖尿病视网膜病变对比研究

Comparative study of diabetic retinopathy between urban and rural areas in Yixing city

目的 了解宜兴市糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变发生情况与视力损伤情况,比较不同生活条件下糖尿病视网膜病变的特点。方法 对宜兴市宜城街道与徐舍镇宜丰村50岁以上糖尿病患者进行裂隙灯及眼底检查、血糖测量及问卷分析,比较城市与乡村糖尿病患者视网膜病变发病率及分期,探究与糖尿病患者生活习惯、血糖水平等因素的相关性。结果 601例糖尿病患者中,宜城街道糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)发病率为18.27%,其中非增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy,NPDR)发病率13.46%,增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative ciabetic retinopathy,PDR)发病率4.81%;宜丰村DR发病率为20.07%,其中NPDR发病率13.84%,PDR发病率6.23%;宜城街道与宜丰村DR发病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。城镇患者生活视力损伤发生率23.72%,以视网膜病变为主,乡村患者生活视力损伤发生率42.91%,以白内障为主。城镇患者DR就诊率为71.93%,明显高于乡村患者的41.38%。结论 城镇与乡村糖尿病患者的DR发病率相当,但乡村患者的生活视力损伤发生率明显高于城镇患者,并呈现就诊率低的情况,故应加强对不同患者的糖尿病宣传科普工作,并定期进行眼部检查。

Objective To investigatethe incidence of diabetic retinopathy and visual impairment in diabetic patients in Yixing City,compare the characteristics of diabetic retinal complications under different living conditions.Methods Diabetic patients over 50 years old in Yicheng Sub-district of Yixing City and Yifeng Village of Xushe Town were subjected to slit lamp and fundus examination,blood glucose measurement and questionnaire analysis.We compared the incidence and staging of diabetic retinopathy in urban and rural diabetic patients,and explored its correlation with diabetic living habits,blood sugar levels and other factors.Results The incidence of DR in Yicheng Street was 18.27%,while NPDR was 13.46%,and PDR was 4.81%.The incidence of DR in Yifeng Village was 20.07%,of which NPDR was 13.84%,PDR was 6.23%,and there was no significant difference between the two groups.The visual impairment rate of urban patients was 23.72%,the main cause was retinopathy,and the visual impairment rate of rural patients was 42.91%,mainly by cataract.The DR visit rate of urban patients was 71.93%,which was significantly 41.38%higher than that of rural patients.Conclusion The incidence of DR in urban and rural diabetic patients was similar,but the visual impairment in rural patients is significantly higher than that in rural patients.Therefore,the publicity and popularization of diabetes for different patients should be strengthened,and eye examination should be carried out regularly.