乳酸菌对青贮饲料发酵品质影响的研究进展

Research progress on effect of lactic acid bacteria on fermentation quality of silage

青贮是常用的饲料储存方法之一,添加乳酸菌可以提高青贮饲料环境酸性,抑制病原微生物生长,提高有氧稳定性,提高动物生产性能。使用乳酸菌对饲料进行厌氧发酵能够保持饲料的新鲜度,提高饲料的营养价值,改善适口性。用于青贮的乳酸菌数量和种类会对饲料品质产生不同影响。青贮饲料发酵过程包括有氧阶段、厌氧阶段和稳定阶段等。不同乳酸菌在饲料发酵过程中的不同阶段发挥作用。文章主要介绍了用于饲料青贮的乳酸菌的常见种类及其对青贮饲料发酵品质的影响,为研发优质的青贮微生物添加剂、提高青贮饲料发酵品质提供参考。

Silage is one of the commonly used feed storage methods.Adding lactic acid bacteria can quickly improve the environmental acidity of silage,inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms,improve aerobic stability and improve animal production performance.The use of lactic acid bacteria for anaerobic fermentation of feed can maintain the freshness of feed,improve the nutritional value of feed,and improve palatability.The quantity and variety of lactic acid bacteria used for silage will have an important impact on feed quality.The fermentation process of silage includes aerobic stage,anaerobic stage and stable stage.Different lactic acid bacteria play a role in different stages of feed fermentation.The paper mainly introduces the kinds of lactic acid bacteria used in silage and their effects on fermentation quality of silage,which provides references for developing high-quality microbial additives for silage and improving the fermentation quality of silage.