平湖地区动物源大肠杆菌、肠球菌的耐药性分析

Analysis of drug resistance of animal-derived Escherichia coli and Enterococcus in Pinghuarea

为了了解平湖地区规模畜禽场细菌耐药情况,试验采集平湖地区6个规模化畜禽养殖场肛拭子样本120份,用选择性培养基对其中的大肠杆菌和肠球菌进行分离,并用质谱鉴定菌种,通过药物敏感试验对分离菌的耐药率及多重耐药性进行统计。结果表明:共分离鉴定到大肠杆菌104株、肠球菌120株,大肠杆菌的分离率为86.67%,肠球菌的分离率为100%。104株大肠杆菌对13种抗生素耐药率的排序为氨苄西林(99.04%)>四环素(94.23%)>奥格门丁(阿莫西林/克拉维酸,93.27%)>氟苯尼考(92.31%)>复方新诺明(磺胺甲口恶唑/甲氧苄啶,91.35%)>环丙沙星(75.96%)>头孢噻呋(42.31%)>头孢噻肟(40.38%)>庆大霉素(36.54%)>替加环素(24.04%)>美罗培南(13.46%)=硫酸黏菌素(13.46%)>阿米卡星(0.96%)。120株肠球菌对11种抗生素耐药率的排序为红霉素(100%)=氟苯尼考(100%)=泰妙菌素(100%)=替米考星(100%)>磺胺异口恶唑(93.33%)>利奈唑胺(90.00%)>万古霉素(33.33%)=青霉素(33.33%)>多西环素(16.67%)>恩诺沙星(13.33%)>奥格门丁(阿莫西林/克拉维酸,3.33%)。从MIC值分布来看,分离的大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、四环素、奥格门丁(阿莫西林/克拉维酸)、氟苯尼考和复方新诺明(磺胺甲口恶唑/甲氧苄啶)的耐药水平较高,对美罗培南、硫酸黏菌素、阿米卡星的耐药水平较低;分离的肠球菌对泰妙菌素、红霉素、磺胺异口恶唑、替米考星的耐药水平较高,对奥格门丁(阿莫西林/克拉维酸)和青霉素的耐药水平较低。104株大肠杆菌中,6耐菌株占比最高(33.65%),其次为5耐(15.38%),9耐、10耐、12耐的占比均超过10.00%,而5耐及以上菌株的占比高达91.35%;120株肠球菌中,6耐菌株占比最高(56.67%),其次为8耐(16.67%),10耐的占比也较高(10.00%),6耐及以上菌株的占比高达90.00%。说明平湖地区畜禽场中大肠杆菌和肠球菌对部分抗生素耐药性较高且存在多重耐药情况,今后在临床用药时应根据耐药结果科学用药。

In order to understand the bacterial resistance of large-scale livestock and poultry farms in Pinghu area,in this experiment,120 swab samples from 6 large-scale livestock and poultry farms in Pinghu area were collected;Escherichia coli and Enterococcus were isolated with selective culture medium and the species were identified by mass spectrometry;the drug resistance rate and multidrug resistance of isolated bacteria were statistically evaluated by drug susceptibility test.The results showed that 104 strains of Escherichia coli and 120 strains of Enterococcus were isolated and identified.The isolation rate of Escherichia coli was 86.67%,and the isolation rate of Enterococcus was 100%.The resistance rates of 104 strains of Escherichia coli to 13 antibiotics were ampicillin(99.04%)>tetracycline(94.23%)≥augmentin(moxicillin/clavulanate,93.27%)>florfenicol(92.31%)>trimesulf(sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim,91.35%)≥ciprofloxacin(75.96%)>ceftiofur(42.31%)>cefotaxime(40.38%)>gentamicin(36.54%)>tigecycline(24.04%)>meropenem(13.46%)=colistin sulfate(13.46%)>amikacin(0.96%).The resistance rates of 120 strains of Enterococcus to 11 antibiotics were erythromycin(100%))=florfenicol(100%)=tiamulin(100%)=tilmicosin(100%)>sulfisoxazole(93.33%)>linezolid(90.00%)>vancomycin(33.33%)=penicillin(33.33%)>doxycycline(16.67%)>enrofloxacin(13.33%)>augmentin(amoxicillin/clavulanate,3.33%).From the MIC distribution,isolated Escherichia coli had high levels of resistance to ampicillin,tetracycline,augmentin,florfenicol and trimesulf(sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim),and low levels of resistance to meropenem,colistinsulfate,and amikacin.The isolated Enterococcus had high levels of resistance to tiamulin,erythromycin,sulfisoxazole,and tilmicosin,and low levels of resistance to augmentin(amoxicillin/clavulanate)and penicillin.Among the 104 strains of Escherichia coli,6-resistant strains accounted for the highest proportion(33.65%),followed by 5-resistant(15.38%),9-resistant,10-resistant and 12-resistant strains which accounted for more than 10.00%,while 5-resistant and above strains accounted for 91.35%.Among the 120 strains of Enterococcus,6-resistant strains accounted for the highest proportion(56.67%),followed by 8-resistant(16.67%),10-resistant strains also with a higher proportion(10.00%),and 6-resistant and above strains accounted for 90.00%.The results indicated that Escherichia coli and Enterococcus in livestock and poultry farms in Pinghu area had high resistance to some antibiotics and had multiple drug resistance,and should be scientifically used according to the results of drug resistance in clinical use in thefuture.