新乡市医学类高校大学生艾滋病认知情况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of AIDS cognition among medical college students in Xinxiang City

目的了解新乡市医学类高校大学生对艾滋病的认知程度,获取艾滋病知识的渠道及期待掌握的相关知识内容,为高校学生艾滋病防治提供参考依据。方法本研究于2020年3月利用方便抽样的方法,使用专家审核通过的问卷对新乡市医学类高校大学生进行调查,运用χ^(2)检验进行影响因素分析。结果新乡市医学类高校大学生对艾滋病相关知识的知晓率(83.33%)较低。在不同性别比较中,只与一个性伙伴发生性行为可以降低艾滋病传播的风险(χ^(2)=6.339,P=0.042),男性间不使用安全套的性行为可能增加感染HIV的风险(χ^(2)=6.794,P=0.033),艾滋病病毒感染者如积极治疗可延长寿命(χ^(2)=13.025,P=0.001),男生与女生的认知不同,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);此外,不同年级的学生对艾滋病相关知识的获取渠道不同,但对多种形式的教育方式均持接受态度。76.67%的学生最希望掌握艾滋病病因及其发病机制,其次是掌握艾滋病传播与不传播的途径,占比75.96%。结论新乡市医学类高校大学生对艾滋病的认知程度相对较低,且存在男女生认知差异,应采用多种形式开展健康教育,充分激发学生的主体意识,促进学生对艾滋病本身及患者态度的转变。

Objective To understand the cognition degree of HIV/AIDS among medical college students in Xinxiang City,obtain AIDS knowledge channels,and expect related knowledge content,so as to provide references for HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment among college students.Methods In this study,the convenience sampling method was adopted in March 2020,and the questionnaire approved by experts was used to investigate medical college students in Xinxiang City.The influential factors were analyzed by the Chi-square test.Results The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge among medical college students in Xinxiang City was low(83.33%).In the comparison of different genders,having sex with only one sexual partner could reduce the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission(χ^(2)=6.339,P=0.042),male sex without condoms might increase the risk of HIV infection(χ^(2)=6.794,P=0.033),and active treatment could delay the life of HIV-infected men(χ^(2)=13.025,P=0.001),and boys and girls had different cognition,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In addition,different grades had different access to HIV/AIDS-related knowledge but were receptive to many forms of education.Totally 76.67%of the students wanted to grasp the etiology and pathogenesis of AIDS,followed by the way of AIDS transmission and non-transmission,accounting for 75.96%.Conclusions The cognition degree of HIV/AIDS among medical colleges and universities in Xinxiang City is relatively low,and there are cognitive differences between male and female students.Health education should adopt various forms,give full play to students'subjective consciousness,and promote the change of students'attitudes towards AIDS itself and patients.