山东某特殊教育学院残障学生健康素养状况分析

Analysis of health literacy status of disabled students in a special education college in Shandong Province

目的了解残障大学生健康素养现状及应用新媒体平台获取健康知识的频率情况,为提升残障大学生健康素养提供一定的实践参考。方法以分层整群抽样的方法,抽取本学院的1218名残障大学生,对其健康素养水平及应用新媒体平台获取健康知识的频率进行现场横断面调查。结果残障大学生高健康素养者342人(28.1%),边际健康素养者640人(52.5%),低健康素养者236人(19.4%);性别、残障类别、家庭教育背景、年级以及选修健康教育课程方面不同的残障大学生健康素养水平不同,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。高健康素养者经常55.0%、有时应用新媒体平台获取健康知识33.0%的比例分别高于低健康素养者的51.3%、26.7%,而低健康素养者几乎无应用新媒体平台获取健康知识的比例(22.0%)明显高于高健康素养者(12.0%),差异有统计学意义(P=0.004)。结论该院残障大学生整体健康素养处于边际水平,高健康素养大学生较低健康素养大学生应用新媒体平台获取健康知识的频率更高。利用新媒体平台开展健康教育、提升残障大学生的健康素养,是值得探索的新途径。

Objective To investigate the current status of health literacy of college students with disabilities and the frequency distribution of using new media platforms to obtain health knowledge,so as to provide a practical reference for improving the health literacy of college students with disabilities.Methods A total of 1218 college students with disabilities were selected by stratified cluster sampling and an on-site cross-sectional survey was conducted on their health literacy level and the frequency of using new media platforms to obtain health knowledge.Results There were 342 college students with disabilities with high health literacy,accounting for 28.1%,640(52.5%)with marginal health literacy,and 236(19.4%)with low health literacy.There were significant differences in the distribution of health literacy levels of college students with disabilities in terms of gender,disability category,family education background,grade level,and elective health education courses(P<0.05).The proportion of people with high health literacy who often 55.0%or sometimes 33.0%use new media platforms to obtain health knowledge was significantly higher than that of 51.3%and 26.7%of those with low health literacy,while the proportion of people with low health literacy who almost did not use new media platforms to obtain health knowledge(22.0%)was significantly higher than that of those with high health literacy(12.0%),and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.004).Conclusions The overall health literacy of college students with disabilities in this institute is at the marginal level,and college students with disablities with high health literacy use new medical to obtain health knowledge more frequently than college students with disablities with low health litery.Therefore,using new media platforms to carry out health education and improve the health literacy of college students with disabilities is a new way worth exploring.