天水市中学生伤害相关行为影响因素分析

Influencing factors of injury-related behaviors among middle school students in Tianshui City

目的了解甘肃省天水市中学生伤害相关行为流行现状及其影响因素,为预防与控制伤害相关行为的发生提供科学依据。方法本调查采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,随机抽取天水市4所初中、4所高中和2所职高,每所学校每个年级随机抽取2个班级,整班调查,共计2082名中学生接受有关伤害行为的影响因素专项调查。结果伤害相关行为发生率由高到低依次是步行违规(34.6%)、家庭欺凌(28.5%)、打架行为(13.4%)、校园欺凌(2.1%)、非安全场所游泳(1.9%)。非条件Logistic回归分析显示,不住校(OR=1.514,P=0.002)、吸烟(OR=1.552,P=0.004)和饮酒(OR=1.926,P<0.001)是中学生步行违规的危险因素,相对于主城区来说,郊县(OR=0.574,P<0.001)是步行违规的保护因素;男生(OR=2.658,P=0.010)和郊县(OR=2.713,P=0.017)是非安全场所游泳行为的危险因素。男生(OR=2.747,P<0.001)、吸烟(OR=3.454,P<0.001)和饮酒(OR=1.723,P=0.001)是打架行为的危险因素,高中(OR=0.407,P<0.001)、职高(OR=0.238,P<0.001)是打架行为的保护因素;不住校(OR=1.562,P=0.008)、抑郁(OR=2.492,P<0.001)、吸烟(OR=1.752,P=0.001)和饮酒(OR=1.511,P=0.001)是家庭欺凌的危险因素,高中(OR=0.289,P<0.001)和职高(OR=0.317,P<0.001)是保护因素。结论中学生的伤害行为主要是步行违规、家庭欺凌,男生高于女生,初中是主要的防范学段,为避免发生伤害,必须针对重点人群和学段采取干预措施,重视家庭因素的作用。

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of injury related behaviors among middle school students in Tianshui City,Gansu Province,so as to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of the occurrence of injury-related behaviors.Methods This survey adopted a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method,randomly selecting 4 middle schools,4 high schools,and 2 vocational high schools in Tianshui City.Each school randomly selected 2 classes from each grade,and conducted a whole class survey.A total of 2082 middle school students were surveyed on the influencing factors of injury behaviors.Results The incidence of injury related behaviors ranked from high to low,including walking violations(34.6%),family bullying(28.5%),fighting behavior(13.4%),campus bullying(2.1%),and swimming in unsafe places(1.9%).Unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that not staying on campus(OR=1.514,P=0.002),smoking(OR=1.552,P=0.004),and drinking alcohol(OR=1.926,P<0.001)were risk factors for walking violations among middle school students.Compared to the main urban area,suburban counties(OR=0.574,P<0.001)were protective factors for walking violations.Male students(OR=2.658,P=0.010)and suburban counties(OR=2.713,P=0.017)were risk factors for unsafe swimming behavior.Male students(OR=2.747,P<0.001),smoking(OR=3.454,P<0.001),and alcohol consumption(OR=1.723,P=0.001)were risk factors for fighting behavior,while high school(OR=0.407,P<0.001)and vocational high school(OR=0.238,P<0.001)were protective factors for fighting behavior.Non-residential(OR=1.562,P=0.008),depression(OR=2.492,P<0.001),smoking(OR=1.752,P=0.001),and alcohol consumption(OR=1.511,P=0.001)were risk factors for family bullying,while high school(OR=0.289,P<0.001)and vocational high school(OR=0.317,P<0.001)were protective factors.Conclusions The main harm behaviors of middle school students are walking violations and family bullying,with boys being higher than girls.Middle school is the main stage of prevention,and to avoid harm,intervention measures must be taken targeting key populations and stages,emphasizing the role of family factors.