2013—2022年鄢陵县人间布鲁氏菌病流行病学特征分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Yanling County from 2013 to 2022

目的对2013—2022年鄢陵县人间布鲁氏菌病流行状况进行分析,为开展布鲁氏菌病防控工作提供参考依据。方法收集2013—2022年中国疾病预防控制信息系统中鄢陵县的布鲁氏菌病病例个案信息,采用描述性流行病学方法分析其流行病学特征。结果2013—2022年鄢陵县报告布鲁氏菌病60例,年平均发病率为0.83/10万。春夏季为发病高峰,集中在3—8月。鄢陵县12个镇有11个镇有布病病例,累计发病数较多的镇为马栏镇(12例),年均报告发病率亦最高,为1.56/10万,最低的为只乐镇(0.16/10万)。各年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=57.536,P<0.001),以>50~60岁年龄组发病率最高,为3.22/10万,其次是>70岁年龄组为2.43/10万。发病至诊断时间间隔范围为0~747 d,中位数为12 d。发病人群以50岁以上中老年人为主(65.00%),男女性别比为2.75∶1,职业主要为农民(81.67%)。发病至诊断时间间隔范围为0~747 d,中位数为12 d。55.00%(33/60)的病例由外地医疗卫生机构报告。结论2013年以来鄢陵县人间布病以男性、农民、50岁以上中老年人为主,时间多集中在春夏季,有地区差异,需加强布病防治知识的宣教。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of brucellosis in humans in Yanling County from 2013 to 2022, so as to provide evidence for carrying out the brucellosis prevention and control work.Methods The cases of brucellosis reported by the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System in Yanling County from 2013 to 2022 were taken as the research objects, and the epidemiological characteristics were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method.Results A total of 60 cases of brucellosis were reported in Yanling County from 2013 to 2022, and the average incidence rate was 0.83/10^(5). The peak of incidence was in spring and summer, mainly from March to August. Eleven of the 12 towns in Yanling County reported brucellosis cases. Malan Town had the largest cumulative cases(12 cases), with the highest annual reported incidence rate(1.56/10^(5)) and Zhile Town had the lowest annual reported incidence rate(0.16/10^(5)). There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence rates among different age groups(χ^(2)=57.536, P<0.001), the highest incidence rate was in the age group>50-60 years old(3.22/10^(5)), followed by 2.43/105in the age group>70 years old. The interval from onset to diagnosis ranged from 0 to 747 days, with a median of 12 days. The incidence group was mainly middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old(65.00%), the sex ratio of male to female was 2.75∶1, and the occupation was mainly farmers(81.67%). The time interval from onset to diagnosis ranged from 0-747 days, and the median was 12 days. Totally 55.00%(33/60) of the cases were reported by nonlocal health institutions.Conclusion Since 2013, human brucellosis in Yanling County has mainly occurred in males and farmers, middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old, and the time is mostly concentrated in spring and summer, and there are regional differences, so it is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of brucellosis prevention and treatment knowledge.